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  The new Wray Castle Hub gives you unlimited access to a comprehensive library of material covering key technology and business topics within the telecoms industry.   The Wray Castle Hub builds your knowledge, empowers your professional development, and includes access to new courses that will cover the latest technology developments throughout your subscription. Endlessly flexible and applicable to any role within the telecoms industry a subscription to Wray Castle Hub is your ultimate learning resource. You can choose to follow one of our suggested learning pathways, build your own or dip into the learning material module by module. Learn more. What courses are included...

Radio communications impact nearly every aspect of our lives, whether it’s watching TV, using a mobile, or using Wi-Fi. If you’re embarking on a career in telecommunications an in-depth understanding, becomes critical. We have full portfolio of radio engineering courses, from 1 day introductions for those with no technical background, to 3-day technical deep dives. Wondering how good your radio engineering knowledge is or which is the best radio engineering course for you? Have a quick look at these questions from our Radio Principles course and see how you do... Are you able to describe the nature of a radio wave?The Wray Castle...

Our mission at Wray Castle we empower the global telecoms world by developing the specialist knowledge, skills and competencies organisations need to build, maintain, optimise and operate the cutting-edge communications networks of today and tomorrow. As part of that commitment and to support professionals across the industry and encourage lifelong learning, we’ve launched Wray Castle Connect, the new networking hub for telecoms professionals. Wray Castle Connect provides its members with regular blogs, recorded training content, and a range of programs and events, offering various activities to engage and educate. Wray Castle Connect is a welcoming place with an open door...

The design of a national spectrum policy requires a significant amount of planning.Every regulator has to interact with international, regional, national and local agencies and users when embarking upon the design of a national spectrum policy.Current spectrum useIt is imperative that the national spectrum regulatory body establishes a database of the current use and users of the national spectrum resource. There will be a range of bodies which have access to information regarding their own use of spectrum. Such bodies will be the defence forces, police forces, broadcasters, telecommunications service providers etc. All of this information should be input to...

Recorded: 3rd May 2022 This webinar aims to clarify why there is a requirement for more radio spectrum for 5G systems, what bands have been identified, and why, and the challenges and solutions these new bands bring.      Topics covered include: The relationship between bandwidth and bit rate The relationship between frequency band and coverage Bands identified for 5G by regulators Impact of radio channel bandwidth on spectrum allocations Impact of wavelength upon antenna dimensioning Propagation issues associated with Millimetre wave bands (mmWave) How higher frequencies facilitate the realisation of massive MIMO Impact of mmWave on device power consumption Webinar Speaker: ...

Recorded: 31st March 2022 Join Les Granfield on Thursday 31st March (10-11am UK time) for this live training webinar looking at Open Radio Access Networks (ORAN) This webinar aims to de-mystify the world of Open Radio Access Networks (ORAN).  It will provide a meaning for the acronyms associated with the technology.  It will explain the need for open radio access networks, the key players and the associated technologies.  Topics include: Acronyms and abbreviations Radio access networks to date Why the need for open radio access networks Disaggregation Virtualized RAN Open RAN Cloud RAN 3GPP xRAN Cisco TIP O-RAN Small Cell Forum 3GPP Split Architecture O-RAN Architecture TIP Whitebox...

In deploying 5G, operators are committing to a significant investment cycle. It therefore follows that they expect a return on that investment within a reasonable timeframe. The question is how! Fundamentally, in terms of both the radio on the overall infrastructure architecture, 5G works in a similar way to 4G. However, the implementation is very different, and this gives 5G several key advantages over 4G in terms of supporting both the existing broadband business model, and industry-specific use cases. The advantages are realised across the entire 5G system, but in particular, the 5G New Radio (NR) air interface is where...

Learn online, anytime, with our self-study courses. Our self-paced on-demand distance learning courses include an extensive blend of core reading materials and video resources, scenario-based assignments, a dedicated Instructor, live virtual workshops and tools to communicate effectively with fellow students, all in a modern, intuitive and secure cross-device Virtual Learning Environment.Each course is accessible on any computer, tablet or smartphone and allow you to study at a time and location that is convenient to you. Subjects covered include key network technologies including 5G, LTE, eSIM, RAN, GSM-R and Network Security. Enrol and you'll get instant access so you can start learning straight...

Where are we now? Initial 5G deployments are referred to as “Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G” and based on Dual Connectivity. This is where the device connects to a 4G “Master” LTE base station first, and then, under the direction of the master, establishes 5G connectivity. These early 5G deployments use spectrum in Frequency Range 1 of 5G. In Europe, this is likely to be in the band 3.4-3.8 GHz (but not exclusively). In terms of coverage, the 5G cells that can be supported at these frequencies within towns and cities, allow 5G “secondary” base stations to be co-located with the 4G...

The C-RAN (Centralised or Cloud Radio Access Network) is a cellular network architecture designed for efficiency and lower costs when deploying public access small cells. The C-RAN architecture separates the BBU (Base Band Unit) from the RRH (Remote Radio Head) using the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface). The CPRI link between the BBU and the RRH is known as the ‘fronthaul’ whereas the backhaul network connects the BBU with the core network. The BBU is responsible for the signal processing functions and the RRH transmits the signal over the radio interface. Placing BBUs at central locations enables more precise control...

Modern cellular networks support a concept known as the heterogeneous network – the term ‘heterogeneous’ is generically defined as meaning ‘diverse in character or content’ and that is the sense in which it is employed here. These networks utilize various access technologies such as macro cells, small cells, Wi-Fi, LTE, LTE-Advanced, and WLAN to provide seamless connectivity. A HetNet is one in which many base stations, of varying types and sizes, share the same radio resource environment to provide a multi-layered or hierarchical service consisting of network of macro cells and small cells which can offer ‘multi-mode’ (a mixture of...