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Learn online, anytime, with our self-study courses. Our self-paced on-demand distance learning courses include an extensive blend of core reading materials and video resources, scenario-based assignments, a dedicated Instructor, live virtual workshops and tools to communicate effectively with fellow students, all in a modern, intuitive and secure cross-device Virtual Learning Environment.Each course is accessible on any computer, tablet or smartphone and allow you to study at a time and location that is convenient to you. Subjects covered include key network technologies including 5G, LTE, eSIM, RAN, GSM-R and Network Security. Enrol and you'll get instant access so you can start learning straight...

Where are we now? Initial 5G deployments are referred to as “Non-Standalone (NSA) 5G” and based on Dual Connectivity. This is where the device connects to a 4G “Master” LTE base station first, and then, under the direction of the master, establishes 5G connectivity. These early 5G deployments use spectrum in Frequency Range 1 of 5G. In Europe, this is likely to be in the band 3.4-3.8 GHz (but not exclusively). In terms of coverage, the 5G cells that can be supported at these frequencies within towns and cities, allow 5G “secondary” base stations to be co-located with the 4G...

Radio communications impact on nearly every aspect of our lives, whether it’s watching TV, using a mobile or surfing the Internet using Wi-Fi.For most people using radio is taken for granted. But if you’re embarking on a career in telecommunications you’ll find a working knowledge of radio principles, or maybe even an in-depth understanding, becomes critical. That’s where Wray Castle comes in. We have a full portfolio of radio engineering courses, from 1 day introductions for those with no technical background, to 3-day technical deep dives. Wondering how good your radio engineering knowledge is or which is the best radio engineering course...

The C-RAN (Centralised or Cloud Radio Access Network) is a cellular network architecture designed for efficiency and lower costs when deploying public access small cells. The C-RAN architecture separates the BBU (Base Band Unit) from the RRH (Remote Radio Head) using the CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface). The CPRI link between the BBU and the RRH is known as the ‘fronthaul’ whereas the backhaul network connects the BBU with the core network. The BBU is responsible for the signal processing functions and the RRH transmits the signal over the radio interface. Placing BBUs at central locations enables more precise control...

Modern cellular networks support a concept known as the heterogeneous network – the term ‘heterogeneous’ is generically defined as meaning ‘diverse in character or content’ and that is the sense in which it is employed here. A HetNet is one in which many base stations, of varying types and sizes, share the same radio resource environment to provide a multi-layered or hierarchical service consisting of network of macro cells and small cells which can offer ‘multi-mode’ (a mixture of 2G, 3G and/or 4G services) and ‘multi-technology’ (a mix of cellular and Wi-Fi) services. Multi-technology deployments allow Wi-Fi access points to...