This course provides a comprehensive understanding of Mobile Technologies at a technical overview level, and is ideal as a foundation for a wide range of job functions and roles within telecommunications and adjacent industries.- The programme builds a solid understanding of 2G (GSM), 3G (UMTS), 4G (LTE) and 5G, focusing on the most important aspects of cellular communication technologies and how the principles are applied within each generation. This includes techniques that support basic GSM Voice and SMS, through to the complex set of network and connection requirements needed for advanced 4G and 5G services and use cases. Services, Air Interface, Radio Access Networks, Core Networks, Transmission, Interworking (between generations), and end-to-end connectivity aspects are all considered in order to build a complete picture of modern networks.- On completion, participants will be much better placed to significantly contribute across a wide range of projects and business activities within their own organisation. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering, technical sales, technical management and other staff who require a general technical overview of mobile technologies but who do not need to invest the time necessary to learn about each technology in depth. Prerequisites A basic understanding of telecoms principles would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include: An overview of basic radio and cellular techniques and technologies Network Generations from 2G to 5G 3GPP Release programme An overview of 2G (GSM) network architecture and functionality GSM TDMA air interface operating principles GPRS and EDGE upgrades to GSM GSM services TETRA networks An overview of 3G (UMTS) network architecture and functionality UMTS WCDMA air interface operating principles HSPA and HSPA+ upgrades to UMTS An overview of 4G (LTE) network architecture and functionality LTE OFDMA air interface operating principles Evolved Packet Core (EPC) operation Small cells and heterogeneous networks Self Organising Networks (SON) LTE voice options LTE Advanced and LTE Advanced Pro Wi-Fi/Cellular interworking LTE operation in unlicensed frequency bands Machine Type Communications (MTC) LTE for public safety Introduction to 5G 3GPP use cases for 5G Performance targets for 5G Radio Spectrum for 5G 5G OFDMA air interface 5G System Architecture Non Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) New Radio (NR) 5G Core Network Functions

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This course has been designed for those who do not have a technical background and are new to the telecommunications industry or those who are currently working in the sector. The historical background to telecommunications is described and the technologies, abbreviations and techniques that are employed are explained. During the course, emphasis is placed on learning by group work, discussion and exercises that enhance the understanding of networks and their operation. Use of laptops, tablets and smartphones with Internet access are employed to explore emerging technologies in various areas. Videos and images of equipment and networks are used to explore the many applications of telecommunication in the modern world. Topic Areas Include Defining Telecoms and the Nature of Information A Historical Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Network

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This course will cover a wide range of topics, starting with the basics of services and connectivity. It will provide insight into the evolution of telecommunication networks over time, reflecting on both historical advancements and future trends. We will begin with an introduction to the foundational aspects of telecom services and connectivity, setting the stage for more detailed explorations. We will then delve into fixed access technologies, starting with traditional copper pair connectivity and progressing through the evolutionary phases of fixed broadband access. This will include a thorough discussion of the technologies that have shaped and continue to influence fixed network landscapes. The mobile sector will receive a focused analysis beginning with the fundamental cellular concepts. We will explore the evolution of mobile broadband, especially under the frameworks established by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), covering technologies from GSM to advanced LTE and 5G networks. An essential component of this course will be a deep dive into operational support systems (OSS) and business support systems (BSS), which are critical for managing modern telecommunications services. We will examine the key platforms that support telecom services, such as billing, customer service, and network management systems. The course will also cover the burgeoning area of the Internet of Things (IoT), detailing how this technology integrates into existing telecom infrastructures and the new opportunities it creates. Additionally, we will consider the infrastructure backbone of the telecom industry, focusing on data centres and the relative costs associated with telecom infrastructure, excluding spectrum costs. Course Contents: Introduction Services and Connectivity - Evolution Fixed Access Mobile Access Support Systems Infrastructure

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The Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals course is designed to provide participants with a comprehensive introduction to the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical applications, participants will gain a solid foundation in AI and its various subfields, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. We explore the use of AI in industry, and in particular in Telecoms and related sectors. By the end of the course, participants will have a strong grasp of AI concepts, techniques, and their real-world applications – particularly in telecoms. They will be equipped to pursue further studies in AI or apply their knowledge to diverse domains where AI plays a significant role. Prerequisites There are no specific prerequisites for this course. However, a basic understanding of programming concepts would be beneficial. Course Contents                             Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Computer Vision Robotics and Autonomous Systems AI in Industry Ethics and Responsible AI

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This course is a detailed technical description of eSIM technology and the new remote SIM provisioning specifications from GSMA covering M2M and Consumer applications. Starting from the role of the SIM, the course covers the transition of the SIM from the physical to the digital realm, the unique system architectures developed for both M2M and Consumer, a comprehensive view of the next evolution of eSIM, then a look at the future beyond that. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit The course is intended for engineers, product managers and other staff who are looking to prepare for or actively roll out eSIM-based products and services within their organisations. Prerequisites A general engineering background with some knowledge of GSM SIM technology is assumed. A basic understanding of mobile networks would be desirable. Topic Areas Include Introduction to eSIM GSMA Consumer eSIM Specification GSMA M2M eSIM Specification GSMA Consumer eSIM Specification Enhancements The Future of eSIM

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This short online self study course provides delegates with an understanding of how the radio spectrum is managed, the systems that use spectrum and an overview of the technical matters relating to the design of radio systems. It considers how radio technologies have evolved and what is driving this evolution. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit Senior executives, managers, regulators, market analysts and marketeers involved in the telecommunications industry who require an understanding of the wide range of issues surrounding the use and management of radio spectrum. Prerequisites This course is designed for those with no technical background. Topic Areas Include How radio spectrum is managed and regulated How radio spectrum is used The concepts of bandwidth and channels An introduction to the characteristics of antennas Radio wave propagation mechanisms The impact of interference and noise Aligning radio applications to frequency bands Overview of radio systems – including 2G, 3G and 4G What is driving the demand for spectrum? Health and Safety issues

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This course delivers a detailed overview of Internet Protocol networks. Delivering an understanding of Engineering techniques, as well as applications, protocols and switching methods, it enables delegates to work confidently in the IP environment. Other topics explored include QoS, security, VPNS and Multimedia over IP. Who would benefit Those needing to understand how IP networks are designed and implemented. Prerequisites Some knowledge or experience of packet-switched data network operation and Internet technology is beneficial. Topic Areas Include: Background to the Internet and ISPs The Data Link, IP, Transport and Application layers IPv6 The Domain Name System (DNS) Introduction to MPLS Access services E-mail services and web hosting Name servers and heterogeneous networks Peering Routing in IP networks Overview of OSPF and BGP4 IP QoS technologies Security engineering IP VPNs IP multimedia services

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This 5G Engineering Overview on-demand course is a technical overview of 5G. The course includes the design goals and development schedule for 5G, and the principles and architecture of the 5G air interface, radio access network and core network. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for engineers either new to, or already working in, mobile communications. Prerequisites Familiarity with telecommunications and general engineering terminology is assumed. Some understanding of LTE cellular systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include 5G introduction and key features Standardisation and timelines for 3GPP and the ITU Use cases and performance objectives Radio spectrum and millimetre wave communications Principles of radio transmission and reception in 5G Radio access network architecture Non standalone and standalone deployment options Core network architecture Network function virtualisation and network slicing Interworking and compatibility between 5G, LTE and Wi-Fi

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This 5G Air Interface Overview on-demand course is a technical introduction to the 5G New Radio. The course includes the design goals and development schedule for 5G, and the principles, design and implementation of the 5G air interface. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for engineers either new to, or already working in, mobile radio communications. Prerequisites Familiarity with telecommunications and general engineering terminology is assumed. Some understanding of LTE cellular systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include: 5G introduction, key features and standardisation Use cases and performance objectives Non-standalone and standalone deployment options Radio spectrum and millimetre wave communications Principles of radio transmission and reception in 5G Multiple antennas in 5G Air interface protocol stack Architecture of the air interface physical layer Procedures for data transmission and reception on the 5G air interface.

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The heart of any cell planning process begins with coverage and capacity estimations, this course will guide you through the variables that impact both coverage and capacity and provides practical worked examples for a variety of scenarios. As well as the planning process it is also important to understand the RF KPIs and measurements that determine link performance, the essential signals and measurement techniques of the NR are covered in this training as well as a detailed look at parameters that affect the random access process, location management and PCI planning. At the conclusion of this training the student will be well versed in the theory and practice of 5G cell planning with a good understanding of both the principles and application of planning techniques. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who Would Benefit This course is intended for network planning engineers, who wish to learn about the issues that are involved when planning radio access networks for 5G. Prerequisites The course assumes familiarity with telecommunication systems and with the principles of radio network planning. Some understanding of radio network planning for LTE, and of the 5G air interface, would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Fundamentals of the 5G Air Interface Link Budget Estimation Coverage Estimation Fundamentals of the 5G Air Interface Link Budget Estimation Coverage Estimation

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This course is for network engineers who require a practical understanding of Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV).  The course reviews the current NFV situation, introduces the leading bodies defining the standards and discusses the likely fields of application by examining use cases and existing Proof of Concepts (POCs). It discusses NFV from ETSI’s perspective, particularly in light of mobile operators’ intent to virtualise their IMS networks, as well as looking at how NFV relates to other techniques such as Cloud Computing and Software Defined Networking (SDN). Who would benefit This course is suitable for those who need an understanding of NFV and the deployment considerations associated with NFV; including network, software and IT engineers, as well as managers and consultants. Prerequisites Delegates should have experience or an understanding of the principles or IP networking and routing and preferably some understanding of modern telecommunication’s networks. Topic Areas Include Drivers for Change NFV Functional Architecture NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) NFV Management and Orchestration (MANO) Software Defined Networks (SDN) and NFV NFV ETSI Proof of Concept Project

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Being an effective leader is difficult. Some in leadership positions struggle with the basics, others have huge gaps in their understanding, and many restrict themselves to management activities - actively avoiding actual leadership wherever possible. In most cases, the confidence to lead effectively is in short supply, and those that do have the confidence often confuse dominance, or power, with leadership. However, organisations who see good leadership and culture as THE key enablers for their people, are the ones most likely to thrive and prosper – in whatever field they are operating in. This comprehensive programme builds a solid understanding of leadership and culture in business, giving current and aspiring leaders the confidence and tools needed to better engage, guide, develop, coach, organise, assess, and most critically, empower their people, teams and departments. We develop a deep understanding of leadership, including all key aspects related to ourselves as an effective leader; understanding and engaging with our people; developing successful teams; and influence as a primary foundation. We follow this by an extensive look at how we can successfully support and deploy our people whilst building a balanced culture that maximises success, enables innovation, and drives engagement at every level. Exercises, discussions, break-outs, case studies and examples are used throughout in order to maximise learning, build confidence, and establish the foundations for successful leadership. Topics Covered Include Leadership in Business / Organisations Developing Effective Teams Influence and Communication Supporting and Deploying Effective People – Culture and Innovation

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This 5G Architecture and Protocols Overview on-demand training course is a technical introduction to the 5G network. The course includes the design goals and development schedule for 5G, the principles, design and implementation of the core and radio access networks of 5G. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for engineers either new to, or already working in, mobile communication networks. Prerequisites Familiarity with telecommunications and general engineering terminology is assumed. Some understanding of LTE cellular systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include: 5G introduction, key features and standardisation Use cases and performance objectives Radio access network architecture and protocols Non standalone and standalone deployment options Core network architecture and protocols Network function virtualisation and network slicing Interworking and compatibility between 5G, LTE and Wi-Fi PDU connectivity, Quality of Service and service provision Signalling procedures in the 5G network

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With SA 5G, we witness the evolution of mobile networks, from being reliant on legacy infrastructure, to achieving true independence - and unlocking unprecedented capabilities that enables 5G to support a much wider range of industrial use cases. In this course, we guide you through the benefits and challenges of deploying Standalone 5G, exploring its architectural advancements, unique features, and the benefits it brings to both consumers and businesses. We then highlight the enhanced capabilities and expanded use cases made possible by key technology enablers - including network slicing, edge computing, virtualization, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), network exposure, and network automation. We discuss the impact of 5G SA for network operators, service providers, and enterprises - exploring the opportunities and challenges that arise in the deployment and management of advanced 5G networks. Who Would Benefit Ideal for anyone needing clarity on 5G trajectory – including capabilities & use cases Prerequisites A basic appreciation of the telecoms landscape – both technical and business Course Contents                             5G Base Capabilities  A Business Perspective 5G Standalone (SA)  5G Enablers for Industry

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The 5G Radio Access Network on-demand course begins by discussing the key features of a 5G network before delving into the finer detail of the 5G New Radio.  The 5G RAN is described in terms of network architecture, base station characteristics, spectrum usage and multiple antenna configurations.  The transport of signalling and traffic over the 5G RAN interfaces, fronthaul and backhaul are analysed followed by an in depth study of the signalling protocols used over those interfaces. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who Would Benefit Engineers that need to know about the 5G Radio Access Network in terms of its characteristics, architecture, interfaces and operation Prerequisites Ideally students will have a mobile telecommunications or radio background gained from the study of or working with GSM, UMTS or LTE networks. Topic Areas Include Introduction to 5G 5G RAN NG Interface Messages and Procedures Xn Interface Messages and Procedures E1 Interface Messages and Procedures F1 Interface Messages and Procedures Multi-RAT Dual Cennectivity

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The nature of 5G means that the security architecture and processes need to cover new aspects (when compared to previous 3GPP generations), including 5GNR/LTE Dual Connectivity, standardized interfaces for distributed gNB / RAN architectures, more tightly integrated Non-3GPP Access, and most significantly, the new Service Based Interfaces used within the 5G Core. The 5G Security on-demand course provides a comprehensive grounding in this expanded set of security requirements and mechanisms used in 5G. We start by considering the 5G architecture in order to better understand the overall security requirements for both the UE and network. We then build on the security architecture of 4G LTE, with relevant modifications and additions required for 5G, before focusing squarely on the additional features and procedures required to secure the 5G Core Network (Service Based Interface). This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the security environment employed within 5G networks. It will also be of benefit to those in the wider technical community who have a need to understand the security protocols employed by advanced cellular networks. Prerequisites An understanding of 4G (and legacy 2G and 3G) security procedures would be an advantage as would a basic understanding of 5G and / or LTE network architecture and functionality. Topic Areas Include 5G Architecture and the Service Based Interface 5G Security Architecture and Authentication and Key Agreement Security and the Service Based Interface (including SEPP)

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Core Network Functions are explored, including their overall purpose, their specific role within the SBA, and the features / services that they support. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of the 5G Core and SBA supporting protocols and technologies, as well as a thorough examination of the Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Example procedures then allow us to build a comprehensive picture of the relevant techniques and features, and to make sense of the way in which the SBA is consistent with, and supports, key 5G enabling principles - including virtualisation and network slicing. Finally, security on the SBI is explored, highlighting the new network functions and techniques that have been introduced with 5G to provide new security features (including the roaming scenario), and a more secure core network domain. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for those involved in the design, deployment and development of the 5G Service Based Architecture and the 5G Core. Prerequisites This is a technical course, so experience or knowledge of the 5G system from a technical perspective would be an advantage. Topic Areas Include 5G Introduction and Deployment Options The 5G Core Network Functions 5G Core Supporting Protocols and Technologies The Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs Explained Procedures Deployment options SBI Security

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This 5G Technologies, Services and Markets on-demand course is a non-technical introduction to the 5G mobile communication system, including its capabilities, general structure and operation, as well as its position as a development of previous technologies. The course also covers the place that 5G holds in the telecommunications market, and how that is developing. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for non-technical professionals either new to, or already working in, the mobile or fixed telecommunications sector. Prerequisites No technical knowledge is assumed but some familiarity with the telecommunications industry would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Introduction to 5G Market drivers for 5G Use cases for 5G Performance objectives and spectrum requirements Concepts and key features of 5G Architecture of the core and radio access networks of 5G Voice services in 5G Key industry and market players Standardisation and timelines for 3GPP and the ITU 5G, LTE and Wi-Fi – a holistic approach

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This is a concise course addressing Software Defined Networking (SDN). It begins with a discussion of the drivers towards and the main objectives of SDN, before examining the architecture engineered to support SDN, including a discussion of Network Function Virtualisation (NFV). The deployment of software defined networks is discussed in detail, with significant consideration of switching techniques and SDN in wireless networks, as is the southbound operation of SDN with a focus on OpenFlow. The course also includes information on SDN in transport networks and a key case study looking at Google’s G Scale Network. Who would benefit This course is suitable for those who need a solid base understand of SDN, network virtualisation and the deployment considerations associated with SDN, including network, software and IT engineers, as well as managers and consultants. Prerequisites Delegates should have experience or an understanding of the principles or IP networking and routing. Topic Areas Include SDN Drivers for Change Evolution and Virtualization X as a Service in Layers SDN Goals Introducing SDN Architecture SDN Split Architecture SDN Traffic Engineering Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and SDN SDN Deployment SDN Architecture SDN Summary SDN Vision Case Study – Google OpenFlow OpenFlow Examples Netconf and YANG SDN to Control Transport Networks Case Study – Mininet

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A technical introduction to the techniques and protocols that underpin cloud computing services, including an examination of the types of cloud that can be created and the variety of ‘X as a service’ facilities that clouds can make available. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering, technical management and sales/marketing staff who require a technical overview of Cloud Computing. Prerequisites A basic understanding of the architecture and technologies that support the internet would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include What is ‘The Cloud’? Traditional Models vs Cloud Computing Cloud characteristics Cloud deployments models – private, community, public, hybrid Enabling technologies Traditional data centres Virtualization and multi-tenanting SOA and web services Service grids and autonomic computing Types of Cloud services SaaS, PaaS and IaaS XaaS payment models Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing Pros: cost, scalability, resilience, collaboration Cons: security, availability, trust, de-skilling The future of Cloud Computing   On-Demand Online Training Accessible on any device on-demand online training allows you to study at a time and location convenient to you. Each course includes: Illustrated Course Books - featuring leading-edge knowledge from subject matter experts. Videos - Detailed videos expand the points covered in the course books. Tutor Support – Connect with leading experts, ask questions to deepen your understanding. Formative Assessment - Modules include regular quizzes to support learning. Certification – Complete the end-of-module tests to earn Digital Badges to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge of the topic. Included in Wray Castle Hub This course is also available as part of the Wray Castle Hub. An annual subscription delivers unlimited access to this course and over 500 hours of learning material consisting of 30+ Courses, 190+ Learning Modules, and 1,000+ Videos. Annual Subscription: £1400 (Most cost-effective option) Subscribe to Wray Castle Hub here

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Business models define a mix of activities required within a business to support a specific strategy. Collectively, one or more business models, aligned to a well-thought-out strategy, will deliver the competitive advantage needed to compete successfully in the market, and against any relevant competition. Business models are often complex, with multiple models running in parallel, and often in competition with each other within the business (in addition to the external competition). In this programme, we deconstruct the business model in order to fully understand its component parts before looking at how those parts can be optimally configured / reconfigured in order to maximise value creation and competitive advantage. We use examples, exercises and case studies to build a solid foundation that can be used within your own organisation to help drive success. Who Would Benefit? These programmes deliver comprehensive training for employees at all levels within the organisation. They would benefit employees, mid-senior managers, directors, specialists, consultants and identified talent. Topic Areas Include: Definitions and Components of a Business Model Business Model(s) – In the Bigger Picture Relationship - Strategy, Business Models and Operations Business Model Definition Understanding Value Extraction Developing The “Fit” of Activities – Examples Partnerships and the Business Model Customer Segments and Value Propositions Business Models – Options, Assessment and Development Understanding Value Business Model Disruption Business Model Adaptation Defining New Business Models Successful Examples for Redefined Business Models Business Models – The [Many] Options Explored  

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All successful employees, managers and leaders who want to maximise their contribution within the business or organisation need a solid grasp of finances. Whether they are talking strategy, budgets, or customer propositions, it is inevitably the finances that drive the decisions and determine how performance is measured. Being financially literate gives the individual a fundamental business tool, as well as the credibility, to help drive success and to maximise value creation. KPIs can be properly evaluated, major decisions can be grounded in financial reality, and both forecasting and reporting can be used more reliably to help guide efforts and provide the required focus for departments and teams. A key aspect often overlooked, is that greater confidence in both the financial position, and the control mechanisms that are available to employees and managers, will enhance a leader’s risk-awareness. In turn (depending on a range of other factors), this can be a key enabler for business culture that embraces greater levels of creativity and value creation. This programme provides a comprehensive foundation in business finance – covering all the major areas needed to be a fully-functioning member of the mid-senior management team. It is ideal for current or aspiring managers, specialists with financial responsibility, or identified talent / graduates. Although financial principles do not change, they can be applied in very specific ways, depending on the industry / organisation. Examples, case studies and exercises are tailored accordingly Topic Areas Include: The Financial Cycle and Reporting Key Accounting Concepts The Company Operating (Finance) Cycle Three Principal Accounting Documents KPIs, Ratios and Financial Analysis Understanding Finance Key Financial Ratios – Categories and Examples Profitability Efficiency Equity, Loans, and Gearing / Leverage Valuation - Controlling Investment Financial Control, Budgets and Evaluating Initiatives / Projects The Importance of Budgeting and Forecasting Budgets – Getting Specific Mitigating Bad Budget Culture (Teams Aiming for 100% Budget Spend) Understanding Return on Investment (ROI) Cumulative Cash Flows Calculating ROI and using Net Present Value (NPV) Assessing Projects and Using NP

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Organisations tend to have a great deal of momentum – the bigger the organisation, the more difficult it can be to change, pivot and reposition. Even smaller business units can be very difficult to transform. Most successful businesses are in a constant state of flux, and they embrace change in order to optimise and pivot accordingly. Whether it is slow evolution, or larger initiatives that require fundamental reorganisation and refocusing of resources and people, the best businesses are able to drive those changes, embrace the new opportunities and maintain their agility and flexibility. This programme explores change within businesses / organisations – whether it is a case of optimising operations, or full-on transformation, we hit the key barriers and enablers for change, before exploring the change process and the role of the leader and key stakeholders. People issues are given a particular focus – in terms of individual and team factors, and the critical role that culture plays in the change process (and in the ongoing organisation). Exercises, case-studies, discussions and break-outs are used to reinforce learning, and to build confidence that participants need to effect positive change in the workplace – whatever size of organisation they work in. Topic Covered Include Key Principles – Optimising Operations and Transformation The Issue of Company Momentum Momentum – the Impact of Corporate Culture and DNA Momentum – Impact of Corporate Attitude to Risk Momentum and Risk – the Results Resistance to Change – Illustrated Understanding the Nature of Change Change – a Non-Stop Journey Evolving to Stay Relevant and Optimised

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A detailed technical description of the air interface for LTE radio access. This includes OFDMA principles, access and non-access stratum protocols, channel structures, connectivity and mobility management procedures along with radio link control functions. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit Engineers involved with equipment design, operation, optimization or monitoring of the LTE radio link. Prerequisites An engineering background with some knowledge of digital radio systems and general radio principles and techniques is assumed. A basic understanding of LTE and experience of 2G or 3G systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include LTE system architecture E-UTRAN architecture and interfaces OFDMA/SC-FDMA basic principles Defining orthogonality OFDMA features and benefits The Fourier transform OFDMA/SC-FDMA transmitter and receiver chains Modulation and coding, MIMO and the Cyclic Prefix MIMO concepts and implementation Physical layer structures Access and non-access stratum protocols Logical, Transport and Physical channels RRC, PDCP, MAC and RLC functions Resource allocation and scheduling strategies LTE-Advanced concepts Lower layer procedures Connection establishment Radio resource management procedures

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This course provides a detailed overview of the issues related to the planning of backhaul services designed to support 4G LTE Cellular sites in both dedicated and single Radio Access Network (RAN) environments. The course focuses on planning techniques related to the most commonly-employed backhaul technologies used in conjunction with LTE, such as Ethernet, packet-based microwave and IP. It also covers aspects such as timing and security solutions and presents techniques that can be employed to estimate backhaul requirements and plan for suitable deployments. This course is delivered as a self-paced on-demand distance learning course and features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers working for network operators in the planning and implementation of RANs and in particular the backhaul region from the cell tower back to the core network and are looking at the options that exist to provide backhaul solutions suitable for 4G LTE networks. Prerequisites No specific prerequisites for this course although a good understanding of mobile networks and in particular the radio access part of 3GPP based networks. Topic Areas Include Backhaul overview Backhaul planning techniques Defining 4G backhaul requirements Backhaul technologies appropriate for 4G networks Transport network evolution Multi RAT and Multi Operator (MRMO) Synchronization options Cell throughput expectations Industry initiatives and forums Radio to transport QoS mapping VLAN management Backhaul traffic profile Backhaul QoS Planning exercise – cell throughput calculations   On-Demand Online Training Our self-paced on-demand distance learning programmes are accessible on any computer, tablet or smartphone and allow you to study at a time and location that is convenient to you. Each course includes: Illustrated Course Books - featuring leading edge knowledge from subject matter experts. Videos - Detailed videos expand the points covered in the course books, discussing topics in greater depth.  Tutor Support – Dedicated course tutors are available to answer any questions you might have throughout your studies. Formative Assessment - Modules include regular quizzes to support learning by testing your knowledge of the subject matter. Certification– Successfully complete the end of module tests to earn Digital Badges to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge of the topic. Included in Wray Castle Hub This course is also available as part of the Wray Castle Hub. An annual subscription delivers unlimited access to this course and over 500 hours of learning material consisting of 30+ Courses, 190+ Learning Modules, and 1,000+ Videos. Annual Subscription: £1400 (Most cost-effective option) Subscribe to Wray Castle Hub here

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LTE and 5G systems are increasingly important in our lives. These systems have the potential to be the basis of much of our future communications and connected devices. LTE and 5G will be used in all kinds of critical applications where we need to have confidence that our data is safe and protected from attack. The concern of mobile security becomes more critical than ever before. Mobile security describes the measures taken to protect against a wide range of threats that seek to violate our privacy and attack the information stored and sent between our phones and connected devices. This course provides a detailed overview of the security environment developed for LTE and 5G networks in both the access and core network domains. This includes LTE Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA), security procedures and Key derivation for LTE Non-Access Stratum, Access Stratum, Access Network and Core Network security. The course then describes the improvements made in 5G security for both Non-standalone and Standalone Modes, 5G security architectures, 5G key derivation and 5G security contexts, 5G procedures for authentication, key agreement, dual connectivity and interworking. Both roaming and non-roaming scenarios are considered. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the security environment employed within LTE and 5G networks. It will also be of benefit to those in the wider technical community who have a need to understand the security protocols employed by cellular networks. Prerequisites Attendance on, or equivalent knowledge, LTE Engineering or 5G Engineering would be useful.  Alternatively, experience working in this area of telecoms. Topic Areas Include LTE Security Architecture Authentication and Key Agreement Evolution to 5G 5G Non-Standalone Mode Security 5G Standalone Mode Security

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A technical overview of the billing and charging architecture defined for 4G LTE networks, including a review of LTE bearer, traffic flow and QoS concepts. The course goes on to examine the architecture of the billing system, both online and offline and identifies the key nodes, interfaces and protocols employed to transport billing and charging information. Finally, the interactions with the billing system during basic LTE procedures are outlined. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit Engineers, designers, managers and others involved in the development, deployment or operation of LTE billing and charging systems. Prerequisites Familiarity with the LTE Evolved Packet Core is assumed. Experience of 2G or 3G billing systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Review of EPS bearer concepts and LTE QoS models Packet flows, service data flows and traffic flow aggregates Deep packet inspection – heuristic algorithms and bearer-aware applications Outline of policy and charging control LTE billing and charging concepts Flow-based charging Billing architecture Online and offline charging systems Charging data capture points (S-GW, PDN-GW) IMS charging capture points Charging Data Function (CDF) Protocols – Diameter, CAP Interfaces – Gy, Gz, Rf, Ro and others Charging criteria – time-based, volume-based, application-based CDR formats CDR generation Charging interaction with basic LTE procedures

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This course is designed to provide an end-to-end view of the whole set of signalling messages that support some of the most fundamental LTE network operations, such as: initial attach, PDN Connectivity, EPS Bearer setup, bearer resource allocation, handover and detach. Each procedure is presented in terms of the progression of signalling messages exchanged and each message is explored in detail. The course provides details of messages belonging to the following signalling protocols: RRC, NAS, S1AP, X2AP, GTPv2-C and also the Diameter S6a, S13 and Gx applications. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the total LTE signalling environment (not just signalling in one part of the network) and also those that require an end-to-end view of the management of fundamental LTE procedures. Prerequisites A basic understanding of LTE network architecture, services and protocols, which can be gained from attending the LTE Engineering Overview (LT3600) and LTE Evolved Packet Core Network (LT3604) courses. An understanding of IP would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Air interface signalling protocols E-UTRAN signalling protocols EPC signalling protocols Initial attach procedures Idle mode procedures S1 release Tracking area update procedure Service request procedure with ISR enabled Extended service request for CS fallback Connected mode procedures Connection establishment, modification and release Bearer resource allocation triggering dedicated EPS bearer establishment Bearer resource modification triggering EPS bearer modification PDN connectivity request Handover procedures X2-based handover with direct forwarding S1-based handover with S-GW change with indirect forwarding Inter-System PS handover to UMTS/HSPA without forwarding Detach procedures

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A technical introduction and overview of LTE and LTE-Advanced, including the air interface, radio access network, core network and other key associated technologies. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for engineers either new to, or already working in, mobile communications. Prerequisites Familiarity with telecommunications and general engineering terminology is assumed and some understanding of 2G and 3G cellular systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include High level architecture of LTE Basic principles of OFDMA and SC-FDMA Air interface protocol stack Structure of the air interface physical layer E-UTRAN architecture, interfaces and protocols EPC architecture, interfaces and protocols LTE state diagrams Principles of bearers and Quality of Service (QoS) Voice options for LTE Power-on procedures UE procedures in idle and connected modes Enhancements in LTE-Advanced

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A detailed technical description of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) for LTE systems. This includes EPC architecture and interfaces, service provision concepts, application of IP technologies, overall protocol architectures and (optionally) a review of IMS functionality. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit Engineers and other staff involved with switching or transmission architecture, optimization, network management, network testing or monitoring of the EPC. Prerequisites An engineering background with some knowledge of core network technologies, including IP, is assumed. Experience of 2G or 3G systems would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include High level architecture of LTE Functions of the MME, S-GW, PDN-GW, HSS and PCRF LTE state diagrams Inter-operation with 2G, 3G and non-3GPP networks Voice options for LTE Principles of bearers and Quality of Service (QoS) Data transport in the EPC Policy and charging control architecture IETF protocols in the EPC, including SCTP, DiffServ and Diameter 3GPP protocols in the EPC, including GTP and S1-AP Power-on procedures UE procedures in idle and connected modes Enhancements in LTE-Advance

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This course concentrates on the two main areas of an LTE network in which Quality of Service (QoS) is applied – the End-to-End EPS Bearer and the underlying Transport Network Layer (TNL). The main QoS concepts are explored as are details of the interworking between LTE QoS and the QoS schemes employed in other network types, such as UMTS, GPRS and the IMS. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering and technical management staff who require a technical overview of the technologies and techniques employed by 4G LTE networks to define and control the QoS applied to user connections. Prerequisites An engineering background with some knowledge of telecommunications technologies and protocols is assumed and previous LTE training would be beneficial, as would knowledge of QoS mechanisms in legacy 2G and 3G networks. Topic Areas Include E-UTRAN architecture and interfaces EPS Bearer and PDN Connectivity options and operations User plane connection concepts, packet flows, SDFs and Traffic Flow Aggregates LTE QoS parameters, QCI, ARP QoS parameter representation in LTE signalling protocols QoS Management – TFTs and packet filters LTE PCC (Policy and Charging Control) mechanisms PCC Rules, function and structure Interaction between PCC elements and internal and external network nodes Mapping LTE QoS to legacy network schemes Measuring QoS TNL concepts, architecture and QoS mechanisms DiffServ, MPLS and Ethernet QoS End-to-End QoS Architecture and Operation Network node QoS functions QoS influence on LTE handovers

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This course provides a detailed technical description of the currently specified methods of offering a VoIP service using LTE and the IP Multimedia Subsystem.  This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering and technical management staff who require a technical description of the options that exist in LTE for delivering voice and other real-time traffic types by means of VoIP. Prerequisites Attendance on this course assumes previous attendance on the LTE Engineering Overview course (LT3600) or equivalent basic LTE knowledge (although a recap of basic LTE architecture and concepts is provided at the start of the course) and also assumes a working knowledge of IP. Topic Areas Include Technical overview of LTE Introduction to the options for LTE voice Technical overview of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) System architecture for Voice over LTE (VoLTE) VoLTE protocols, services and codecs VoLTE power-on and registration procedures VoLTE call setup procedures Access domain selection Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) Delivery of SMS messages over the IMS VoLTE emergency calls Voice over Wi-Fi

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Mobile communication systems were originally designed to support voice (with SMS), but then focused primarily on developing data connectivity. With broadband connectivity representing the major areas of opportunity, networks were standardised, deployed and optimised to fully support that [fairly narrow] set of use cases. More recently, machine to machine communication, the Internet of Things (IoT) and connected innovation have seen massive growth, and become a much bigger part of the communications industry. However, the data connectivity requirements are very different to that of broadband. In order to optimally support this type of data, a number of modifications, new features, and complimentary technologies have been introduced to the networks. In LTE, these are grouped under the term Machine Type Communications (MTC). This course explores the technical aspects of MTC for LTE, and includes an examination of NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) as a complimentary technology. Initially, the course provides an overview of IoT and low power networking / connectivity systems, and highlights the role and requirements of LTE for MTC. We then look at the features and performance of the different categories of MTC UE (User Equipment), the Air Interface modifications and features, and the Cellular IoT (C-IoT) enhancements to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). Course Modules Introduction to LTE and the Internet of Things (IoT)  LTE Technologies for the IoT  NB-IoT and IoT Core Network Enhancements 

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The Telecoms Industry is based on a range of technologies that are extremely diverse, wide ranging, and highly complex. With this foundation, the industry is able to support a wide variety of service propositions in a significant number of identifiable sectors, and as a result, a vast array of business models. The complex business ecosystems are comprised of many thousands of companies and the relationships that exist between them. This includes Communications Service Providers (CSP), Network Equipment and Handset Vendors, Service / Support Companies, Standardisation Bodies, Regulators, and Content / Media Companies. The ecosystems are dynamic in nature and evolving rapidly in terms of focus. The sheer scale of it all makes it difficult to fully understand and analyse, but in this course, we start that process. We explore the overall make-up of the industry and the business dynamics; the types of organisations involved and their roles and relationships; the service propositions; and main customer segments. We also briefly consider company strategy and business models. An evaluation of the key technologies that support the industry is made, including projections, time-lines and overall market trajectories. Topic Areas Include: Telecoms Industry and Business Dynamics The Technology Explained and Evaluated Telecoms Industry and Market Update

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