Cloud computing underpins much of today’s digital infrastructure - but what exactly makes the cloud work? This short, single-module course demystifies the architecture and technologies behind cloud services, giving you a structured overview of how cloud systems are designed, deployed, and secured. In just three hours, you’ll explore the core cloud types - public, private, hybrid - and learn the key terminology that underpins modern cloud discussions. You’ll then look at the enabling technologies that support cloud computing, from virtualisation and containerisation to software-defined infrastructure and automation. The course goes on to explain how cloud services are architected, including layered service models, the roles of cloud orchestration and APIs, and how infrastructure is provisioned dynamically. You’ll also examine how cloud environments are managed and secured, with a focus on governance, monitoring, data protection, and access control. Ideal for technical professionals and learners seeking a deeper understanding of how cloud platforms work, this course equips you with the vocabulary, concepts, and architectural knowledge needed to confidently engage in cloud-related conversations and planning. Course Contents                         Cloud – Types and Terminology Cloud Technology Cloud Architecture and Services Cloud Management and Security

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Cloud computing has revolutionised how individuals, businesses, and governments access, store, and manage data. Whether you're supporting IT operations, planning digital services, or simply want to better understand this vital part of today’s technology landscape, this short, single-module course introduces the core concepts and services that define the cloud. In just three hours, you’ll start by answering the fundamental question: What is ‘The Cloud’? From there, you’ll explore the most widely used service models—SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)—and how they support different user needs. The course explains how these service models compare, what they enable, and why businesses increasingly rely on them for agility, scalability, and cost-efficiency. You’ll also learn how cloud-based services are used in home and office environments and get an overview of the major cloud service providers and the roles they play in the broader ecosystem. Designed for professionals across telecoms, IT, and business functions, this course provides a practical, jargon-free entry point into the world of cloud services—perfect for anyone needing a clear understanding of cloud concepts without diving into deep technical detail. Course Contents; What is ‘The Cloud’ Types of Cloud Service Cloud Service Models and SaaS PaaS and IaaS Service Models – How Do They Compare Cloud-based Home and Office Services Cloud Service Providers  

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Course Code: WR2305 A concise course on interpreting TowerCo Master Services Agreements, focusing on telecommunications industry contracts. While this course is not a substitute for legal advice, it will empower you to understand and navigate these complex agreements, covering topics from the importance of contracts to verifying agreement accuracy, contract validity, proactive contract management, and an in-depth exploration of typical contract sections. By the end of this course, you'll be equipped to make informed decisions and safeguard your organisation's interests. Course Contents: Contractual fundamentals Jargon buster approach Cellsite outsourcing in context Importance of proactive contract management to avoid costly disputes Generic form of a TowerCo Master Services Agreement Authority Matrixes

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Understanding the protocols that underpin 5G Standalone (SA) deployments is critical for anyone involved in mobile network design, deployment, or troubleshooting. This single-module course provides a practical overview of the key signalling and user plane protocols that enable communication within the 5G system. In just three hours, you'll explore how 5G SA uses modern service-based interfaces, with a focus on HTTP/2 and JSON for communication between core network functions. You'll also learn about protocol roles such as PFCP for user plane control, GTPv2-C for EPC interworking, and NAS protocols for direct signalling with the user equipment. The course also covers the essential signalling protocols in the NG-RAN, including NG-AP, Xn-AP, F1-AP, E1-AP, and RRC - critical for coordinating activity across the RAN and between the RAN and core. On the user plane, you’ll examine how data transport is managed using PDU sessions, and how session types (IP, Ethernet, Unstructured) are established and handled. You’ll also gain an understanding of QoS Flows, with parameters such as 5QI and ARP used to deliver differentiated service levels. This course is ideal for technical professionals who need a working knowledge of 5G SA protocol architecture, signalling behaviour, and data transport mechanisms - without going deep into packet-level analysis. Course Contents                         PDU Sessions and QoS Flows 5G QoS Parameters, ARP and 5QI Implementation of PDU Sessions IP PDU Session Types, IP Ethernet and Unstructured Multiple PDU Sessions Anchors Reflective QoS User Plane Protocol Stack Core Network Signalling Overview Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) HTTP 2 and JSON_2 Non-Access Stratum (NAS) and Access Stratum (AS) Protocols Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) Signalling Protocols Overview RAN Protocols for the NG, FI, E1 and Xn Interfaces RAN User Plane Protocol

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As 5G networks continue to expand and evolve, a solid understanding of the 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) is essential for those involved in mobile network planning, deployment, or operations. This short, single-module course provides a focused overview of the 5G RAN architecture and the key features that distinguish it from previous generations. In just three hours, you'll explore the structure of the 5G RAN, including the role of the gNB (Next Generation Node B) and its functional split into Centralised Units (CUs) and Distributed Units (DUs). The course explains the key interfaces - NG, Xn, F1, and E1 - that enable communication between RAN components, other base stations, and the core network. You'll also gain insight into different deployment scenarios such as Dual Connectivity (DC) and Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC), which allow 5G to coexist and coordinate with legacy networks. Additionally, the course covers the evolution of the fronthaul interface from CPRI to eCPRI, the importance of backhaul capacity, and the need for precise timing and synchronisation in high-performance 5G networks. Designed for technical professionals needing a clear and accessible introduction to 5G RAN architecture, this course delivers the essential concepts required to understand and engage with today’s 5G radio access technologies. Course Contents                         5G RAN Overview Dual Connectivity (DC) 5G non-Standalone and Standalone Options RAN Options EN-DC NGEN-DC and NE-DC RAN User Plane Connectivity RAN Control Plane Connectivity gNB Architecture Centralized and Distributed Deployments Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) and eCPRI Fronthaul and Backhaul Requirements Synchronisation Requirements

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This course is designed to provide participants with a good grounding in the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in telecoms and connected innovation. Through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical applications, participants will gain a solid foundation in AI and its various subfields, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. We then focus on the use of AI in telecoms, including driving more efficient, and greener, networks, and how AI and the associated Machine Learning models will be supported within evolving telecoms architectures – including supporting significant use cases like the Metaverse, Intelligent Transportation, and Autonomous Driving (amongst others). We explore how telecoms supports AI in wider industry, and its powerful fusion with IoT concepts to form the AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) – looking at how AI drives innovation across various industries, supporting concepts such as smarter cities, more efficient manufacturing, and even personalised healthcare. By the end of the course, participants will have a stronger grasp of AI concepts and techniques, and their real-world applications in telecoms. They will be equipped to pursue further studies in AI or apply their knowledge to diverse domains where AI plays a significant role. Course Contents                             Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Applying Machine Learning to AI Natural Language Processing (NLP) Computer Vision Robotics and Autonomous Systems AI in Industry AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) Wthics and Responsible AI

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As 5G networks mature, a solid grasp of the procedures that govern how devices and network functions interact is essential for professionals working in planning, operations, or optimisation. This short course offers a technical overview of the core signalling and operational procedures in 5G Standalone (SA) networks. In just three hours, you'll explore how 5G procedures have evolved - from initial deployments that relied on LTE signalling to fully native 5G implementations across both the core and radio access network. The course covers the step-by-step processes involved in device registration, network function discovery, and session establishment and modification. You'll also gain insight into mobility management procedures, including how 5G handles transitions between different UE states - idle, connected, and inactive - and how it manages tasks like cell selection, registration updates, service requests, and handovers. The role of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol in managing radio connections, reporting measurements, and supporting dual connectivity scenarios is also explained. This course is designed to provide technical professionals with a foundational understanding of how 5G devices and networks interact through signalling and procedure flows, forming the basis for reliable service delivery in real-world deployments. Course Contents 5G Procedures NF Service Registration, Discovery, Subscription and Notification Power-on Procedures Registration Procedure PDU Session Establishment Server-triggered PDU Session Modification and QoS Flow Establishment Change of PDU Session Anchor Mobility Management and Registration Update UE Triggered Service Request Procedure RNA Update and RRC Transitions Xn-based Handover Procedure Addition of a Secondary Node Access Network Release Procedure Signalling Procedures RRC Signalling Overview NSA and SA RRC Reconfiguration Message Overview RRC Measurements Procedures MR-DC Procedures

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Mobility and state management are at the heart of delivering seamless connectivity in 5G networks. This short, single-module course provides a technical overview of how the 5G Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) manages UE mobility and RRC state transitions through signalling interactions. In just three hours, you'll explore how devices move between key RRC states - RRC_IDLE, RRC_INACTIVE, and RRC_CONNECTED - and how signalling flows coordinate these transitions between the UE, gNBs, and core network functions such as the AMF, SMF, and UPF. The course covers a range of mobility procedures, including intra- and inter-gNB handovers, with a focus on signalling, context management, and data forwarding. You'll also learn how dual connectivity is managed, including the addition and release of secondary nodes. Designed for technical professionals who need a solid introduction to how 5G NG-RAN handles mobility and signalling, this course equips you with the essential knowledge required to understand and troubleshoot mobility-related behaviour in live 5G networks. Course Contents Idle Mode RRC Connected Mode RRC Inactive Mode RRC Connected Additional Handovers Secondary Nodes Final Transitions

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As mobile networks transition to full 5G Standalone deployments, understanding the 5G Core (5GC) is essential for engineers and technical professionals involved in network design, deployment, or support. This single-module course offers a concise but comprehensive introduction to the 5G Core Network Architecture. In just three hours, you’ll explore the key building blocks of the 5G Core, including the main network functions such as the UDM, AMF, SMF, and UPF, and their roles in managing subscriber data, mobility, sessions, and user traffic. The module also explains important network and UE identifiers, tracking area concepts, and the role of service-based interfaces in enabling 5G’s flexibility. You’ll gain insight into how 5G supports roaming, interworks with legacy EPC networks, and introduces network slicing—a powerful concept that allows the same physical network to support a wide variety of use cases with different performance requirements. This course is ideal for those who need a technical overview of the 5G Core without going deep into protocol-level detail, and serves as a foundation for further learning or practical application in 5G projects. Course Contents 5G Core Network Functions Overview Reference Point Architecture 5G Roaming Architectures Service Based Architecture Service Based Interface Concepts 5G Core Network Functions Data Storage Architecture Interworking and Migration Non-3GPP Access 5G Identities Identities for Network Slicing TAC and RAN Identites

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This course provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of Web APIs - essential tools for enabling communication between modern software systems. It starts with the basics, defining what APIs are and unpacking the components of an API call, before exploring architectural styles including REST, SOAP, GraphQL, and gRPC. You’ll trace the evolution of APIs and gain insight into key protocols such as HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, and HTTP/3, as well as common data formats like JSON, XML, and YAML. The course also covers important API standards and specifications such as OpenAPI and AsyncAPI, introduces widely used tools like Swagger and Postman, and outlines core security mechanisms including API Keys, OAuth 2.0, JWT, and OIDC. With structured reading content, visual explanations via short videos, quizzes, FAQs, and a final assessment, this course equips you with the foundational knowledge needed to understand and work with Web APIs in real-world applications. Course Contents Introduction to API Web API Core Protocols API Standards and Specifications API Tools API Security

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The 5G New Radio (NR) air interface lies at the heart of 5G’s transformative capabilities, enabling high data rates, low latency, and the flexibility to support a wide range of services - from enhanced mobile broadband to ultra-reliable low-latency communications and massive IoT. Unlike previous generations, 5G NR has been designed from the ground up without the constraint of backward compatibility, freeing it to address the diverse and demanding requirements of next-generation mobile networks. This course offers a technical deep dive into the architecture and operation of the 5G air interface. It explores how key design decisions - such as the adoption of flexible OFDMA, use of millimetre wave frequencies, large-scale antenna arrays, and adaptable subcarrier spacing - combine to deliver major improvements in spectral and energy efficiency. You'll also learn how 5G NR accommodates a wide variety of use cases through its advanced protocol stack, modulation schemes, duplexing methods, and dynamic bandwidth configurations. By the end of the course, participants will understand the principles behind 5G NR’s physical layer, its use of spectrum (including FR1 and FR2 bands), and the challenges and opportunities associated with operating at high radio frequencies. Whether you're a telecom engineer, network architect, or systems analyst, this course provides the foundational knowledge needed to work confidently with the 5G air interface. Course Contents                         5G Objective and Performance Requirements Air Interface Protocol Stack Wireless Capacity Growth 5G Spectrum Overview TDD and FDD Overview Millimeter Wave and Antenna Overview mmWave Propagation Characteristics Capacity and Modulation Principles of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) Inter-Symbol-Interference Bandwidth Parts Time Domain Structure PHY Resource Grid Physical Channels and Signals

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This introductory course is designed for those who are new to Radio Communications in particular Critical Communications. It is intended for graduates or engineers moving into communications for the first time, non-technical people working in financial control, administrators and those responsible for specifying and tendering for communications equipment. Course Contents Basic Radio Communications Radio Communications Systems Critical Communications Features Narrowband Radio Systems Broadband Radio Systems Spectrum for Mission Critical Networks Standards for Mission Critical Networks 3GPP Defined Mission Critical Networks Network Configuration and Administration

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Discover how 5G Advanced, beginning with 3GPP Release 18, significantly enhances network capabilities and prepares infrastructure for future demands. Who Would Benefit This course is ideal for telecom professionals, network engineers, product managers, and anyone involved in strategic planning or technical implementation within telecommunications and related industries who require a concise overview of the improvements 5G Advanced introduces, along with an examination of the specific features and how they enhance their respective industries. Course Contents                         Introduction 5G Advanced – Base Capability Improvements Specific 5G Advanced Features

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This course will cover a wide range of topics, starting with the basics of services and connectivity. It will provide insight into the evolution of telecommunication networks over time, reflecting on both historical advancements and future trends. We will begin with an introduction to the foundational aspects of telecom services and connectivity, setting the stage for more detailed explorations. We will then delve into fixed access technologies, starting with traditional copper pair connectivity and progressing through the evolutionary phases of fixed broadband access. This will include a thorough discussion of the technologies that have shaped and continue to influence fixed network landscapes. The mobile sector will receive a focused analysis beginning with the fundamental cellular concepts. We will explore the evolution of mobile broadband, especially under the frameworks established by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), covering technologies from GSM to advanced LTE and 5G networks. An essential component of this course will be a deep dive into operational support systems (OSS) and business support systems (BSS), which are critical for managing modern telecommunications services. We will examine the key platforms that support telecom services, such as billing, customer service, and network management systems. The course will also cover the burgeoning area of the Internet of Things (IoT), detailing how this technology integrates into existing telecom infrastructures and the new opportunities it creates. Additionally, we will consider the infrastructure backbone of the telecom industry, focusing on data centres and the relative costs associated with telecom infrastructure, excluding spectrum costs. Course Contents: Introduction Services and Connectivity - Evolution Fixed Access Mobile Access Support Systems Infrastructure

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This training course is aimed at those people working within the wireless communication business or broadcast business. Participants will get an overview on the 4G/LTE and 5G-NR physical layer. First of all wireless communication basics like OFDMA, DFTs-OFDMA, Forward Error Correction and MIMO will be discussed followed by an in-depth overview of 4G and 5G technology and standards. The training is presented in cooperation with Rohde & Schwarz. Course Objectives After completing this course, delegates will understand the technology behind 4G and 5G. Focus is on the physical layer not on the protocol level. Several practical demonstrations will solidify the theoretical knowledge. Intended for This course is intended for those who have a basic knowledge in information technology, who may be employed in network operators or regulators. Contents Wireless Communication Basics 4G/LTE Standard 5G Standard About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).  

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The course is aimed at people working in the broadcast industry who want to get an understanding of the most important topics regarding broadcast antennas. It particularly covers the specifications of antenna components and the layout of broadcast antenna systems for Radio and TV (both analogue and digital) in the VHF and UHF-Band. Additional aspects of the training are methods to design broadcast antenna systems and how to calculate antenna pattern. Finally the training is rounded off by several examples for planning antenna systems for digital terrestrial radio (DAB), digital terrestrial television (DTT) and 5G Broadcast. The course is presented in cooperation with Kathrein Broadcast. Course Objectives After completing the course, participants will have an understanding of the engineering and system design methods of broadcast antennas as well as the technical terms and characteristics. Several practical examples will assist the participants to solidify the theoretical knowledge. Intended for This course is intended for those who have a basic knowledge of radio communication technology, who are interested in broadcast antennas and who may be employed in broadcasters, network operators or regulators.  Contents Basics and technical terms of broadcast antennas Antenna radiators and their characteristics Broadcast antenna components and their characteristics Broadcast antenna systems design and pattern calculations methods Examples for planning of antenna systems for Digital Terrestrial Radio (DAB), Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) and 5G Broadcast About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).  

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The 5G Radio Access Network for Railways course begins by discussing the key features of a 5G network before delving into the finer detail of the 5G New Radio.  The 5G RAN is described in terms of network architecture, base station characteristics, spectrum usage and multiple antenna configurations.  The transport of signalling and traffic over the 5G RAN interfaces, fronthaul and backhaul are analysed followed by an in depth study of the signalling protocols used over those interfaces. With the emergence of FRMCS our 5G Rail portfolio addresses the technical requirements of FRMCS. Who Would Benefit Engineers that need to know about the 5G Radio Access Network in terms of its characteristics, architecture, interfaces and operation Pre-requisites Ideally attendees will have a mobile telecommunications or radio background gained from the study of or working with GSM, UMTS or LTE networks. Topic Areas Include Introduction to 5G 5G RAN NG Interface Messages and Procedures Xn Interface Messages and Procedures E1 Interface Messages and Procedures F1 Interface Messages and Procedures Multi-RAT Dual Cennectivity Optional 5G Virtual Lab Module Explore, Test, Optimise, and Troubleshoot the 5G System Deep dive into the key signalling scenarios in the 5G system and analyse the output to build a deeper understanding that goes beyond the theoretical. The lab is a fully emulated 5G System environment that enables you to experiment with the configurations for Network Functions and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that helps you to develop greater insight into the operation of the 5G System. Lab modules can be added to any relevant 5G course. Learn more and arrange a demo.

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This three-day course examines in-depth both 5G Radio Access Networks (RAN) and Open Radio Access Networks (ORAN).  It begins by discussing the key features of a 5G network before delving into the finer detail of the 5G New Radio. The 5G RAN is described in terms of network architecture, base station characteristics, spectrum usage and multiple antenna configurations.  The transport of signalling and traffic over the 5G RAN interfaces, fronthaul and backhaul are analysed followed by an in-depth study of the signalling protocols used over those interfaces. This course also provides a solid introduction to Open RAN, exploring the purpose, features, architecture, operation and deployment options. The way ORAN principles, and its foundation in virtualisation, supports the evolution to 5G is also discussed, as well as the impact of using ORAN architecture on both the open and standardised interfaces. Who Would Benefit Those in or entering technical roles in a mobile network operators Radio Access Network (RAN) environment. Course Modules: Introduction to 5G The Next Generation Radio Access Network Signalling Protocols in the NG-RAN Signalling Procedures in the NG-RAN 5G Releases 16 to 18 Radio Access Networks ORAN Players 3GPP RAN Architecture for 5G O-RAN Architecture and Operation Whitebox Base Stations

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This course is intended for engineers working on the 5G core network, who wish to learn about the exposure of core network capabilities to a third-party application server by way of the NEF. The course introduces the functionality of the NEF up to 3GPP Release 17, and provides an in-depth description of some of its more commonly used services. Prerequisites The course assumes a basic understanding of the architecture and signalling protocols in the 5G core network. Course Contents Network Exposure in 5G Network Exposure Function Services Optional 5G Virtual Lab Module Explore, Test, Optimise, and Troubleshoot the 5G System Deep dive into the key signalling scenarios in the 5G system and analyse the output to build a deeper understanding that goes beyond the theoretical. The lab is a fully emulated 5G System environment that enables you to experiment with the configurations for Network Functions and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that helps you to develop greater insight into the operation of the 5G System. Lab modules can be added to any relevant 5G course. Learn more and arrange a demo.

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This 5G Advanced and Evolution Towards 6G course delves into 5G Advanced and its role as a stepping stone to the groundbreaking 6G era. You'll explore how 5G is being enhanced to deliver even higher speeds, lower latency, and greater capacity. We'll dissect key features and advancements that are laying the groundwork for the future of connectivity. Beyond 5G, the course will provide a glimpse into the potential of 6G, examining emerging technologies and their implications for industries and society. The course provides a holistic overview of the current (relatively early) state of play of 6G development. We develop crucial insights into 6G design, performance objectives, and its intersection with the metaverse and AI, ensuring participants are well-prepared for the future of wireless communication. By the end of this course, you'll gain a comprehensive understanding of the latestdevelopments in mobile network technology and the exciting possibilities they hold. Who Would Benefit Although this course is open to all, it is recommended that you have prior experience in telecommunications. Course Contents 5G Advanced - Base Capabilities Improvements Specific 5G Advanced Features 6G – a Look Ahead

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This lab enables you to explore the 5G Authentication & Key Agreement procedure with our 1/2-day lab including ciphering key and integrity key generation The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. 5G Authentication & Key Agreement Examine the 5G AKA procedure including ciphering key and integrity key generation AMF/SEAF signalling towards AUSF using HTTPv2 protocol Usage of SIDF in UDM ARPF and its usage for creation of Authentication Vector Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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Develop a deep understanding VoNR Call Flow and understand its role in the 5G Standalone Network with this 1/2-day Lab. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. VoNR Call Flow Analysis Covering Voice over New Radio in a 5G SA network, it includes message flows for: Registration PDU session setup IMS and SIP signalling for VoNR Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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Examine details of IMS Call Flow Analysis with focuses on IMS Registration and Invitation procedures with our 1/2-Day Virtual Lab. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. IMS Call Flow Analysis Focuses on IMS Registration and Invitation procedures includes: SIP routing within the IMS domain Detailed information about SDP for IMS Session setup Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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The Lab allows you to analyse, test and understand the Influencing Traffic-Routing initiated by an AF and the details of traffic routing to develop a deep understanding of the protocols involved. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. AF Influence on Traffic Routing Message Flow Explore the Influencing Traffic-Routing initiated by an AF and the intricacies of traffic routing to develop a comprehensive understanding of the protocols involved: AF/P-CSCF PCF and SM Policy Control Analyses of the SMF behaviour Signalling done by HTTPv2 and PFCP protocols. Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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Transformative Training Powered by IEEE and Wray Castle Powered by the joint expertise of IEEE and Wray Castle, the 5G/6G Essential Protocols & Procedures Training and Innovation Testbed offers a comprehensive exploration of 5G’s most crucial protocols and procedures. This cutting-edge course blends robust theory with hands-on practice via the IEEE 5G/6G Innovation Testbed - a secure, cloud-based platform providing end-to-end 5G network testing capabilities. The Key Protocols & Procedures Putting Theory Immediately into Practice 5G Registration Process - Identities, Authentication, Subscriber Data Network Functions & Interactions - UDM, UDR, PCF, AMF, SMF, UPF PDU Session Establishment - End-to-End signaling and network slicing PFCP & N4 Signaling -Policy and Session Management in 5G Specifically designed for: System engineers and integrators Engineers working with operation, optimization, and troubleshooting Technical professionals responsible for 5G System signaling

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Those needing to understand the definition of APIs and its usage in Web Services and 5G Core Network. Prerequisites Some knowledge or experience of packet-switched data network operation and Internet technology is beneficial. General knowledge about 4G and 5G. Course Contents                             Introduction to API API Standards and Definition API and Web Services 3GPP and 5G APIs 5G Service Based Architecture (SBI) Course Director: Maziar Shoaie Maziar is a seasoned telecommunications trainer with over 23 years of experience. He has delivered courses in more than 45 countries to customers from all over the world, including operators, vendors, and integrators. He is a core-network specialist with expertise in 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks. and the developer of the Wray Castle 5G Lab and Workshop.

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In nearly every factory floor and industrial setting, communication links are used to carry vital information between machinery and to control and monitor devices. From periodic updates to ongoing process and manufacturing management timely delivery without failure is critical to operations. Cabled systems can be very expensive and tether equipment to fixed locations, reducing flexibility in equipment placement and reorganization. Turning to wireless technology addresses the cabling drawbacks butrequires careful examination of transmission, operational and propagation characteristics to achieve the required performance. A solid understanding of the possibilities and limitations of current radio technologies (including 5G), deployment scenarios and spectrum availability is therefore essential for the successful introduction of wireless systems for automation. This course describes technologies and concepts for wireless communication for industrial applications. It considers the operational requirements, specific RF propagation characteristics, available frequency bands, compatibility issues and develops appropriate design strategies. An overview and comparison of appropriate wireless technologies for industrial applications will complete the training. Course Objectives After completing the course, delegates will understand the requirements and limitations of radio systems for industrial applications. They will know the physical and regulatory constraints of the radio environment and understand the procedures for system planning. Intended for This course is intended for those who have basic knowledge in radio communication systems, who are interested in wireless systems for industrial applications and who may be responsible for radio systems in industry. Contents Introduction: the wireless landscape Industrial requirements Spectrum for wireless automation Radio propagation in industrial environment Wireless network system design criteria and system selection Radio systems for wireless automation Compatibility issues About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).  

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The design of wireless networks considering mobile technologies such as mobile, TETRA, DMR, PMR or wireless IoT (Internet of Things) technologies (e.g. LoRaTM) requires complex calculations to dimension link capacity and link availability and to perform frequency assignment. Planning software like LS telcom’s CHIRplus_TC provides the required functionality in a user-friendly way and are essential for proper network design. A thorough knowledge of the available functionality and understanding of calculation results considerable shortens planning time and results in optimized network performance. The seminar introduces essential features to perform planning tasks for wireless networks systems. The first day is dedicated to the general tool handling. The different database functions and configurations are presented and discussed with the delegates. The following day will cover the necessary steps to perform typical wireless network calculations - from data input over the setting of required parameters to the calculationsanalyses. Finally, reports and data export options will be presented. An overview of the network technologies included in the Net Module will be introduced. The course is presented as classroom training with tool-based exercises to be done by the delegates. After a very short introduction with a few theory slides, the seminar will mostly focus on the topics by corresponding examples shown by the trainer and following dedicated exercises that are carried out by the delegates. Course Objectives After the training the delegates will be able to efficiently perform advanced network design and planning tasks using CHIRplus_TC. They will learn how to get best use on well-established engineering procedures and algorithms for wireless networks. Intended for This course is intended for those who have a basic knowledge in radio communication, who are interested in the functionality provided by CHIRplus_TC and who may be employed in telecoms regulators, telecoms operators, and utility and transportation companies. Contents Setup and configuration of CHIRplus_TC Interaction with the Graphical User Interface (GUI) Usage of databases and spreadsheets (especially filtering) Path profile and line of sight Net Module: Overview of network technologies Standardized data import and export Reports and documentation About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).  

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The Internet of Things (IoT) covers a huge range of use cases and applications and scales from single devices to massive systems with various elements connecting in real time. Wireless connectivity is an integral part of IoT. Depending on the application, factors such as range, data requirements, security, power requirements and battery life will dictate the choice of one or some form of combination of wireless technologies. Traditional cellular mobile networks based on 2G/3G/4G have almost ubiquitous coverage and high data rates but at cost of high power requirements at end user devices. Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) based on standards like LoRaWAN, Ultra Narrow Band (UNB) or NB-IoT, are expected to complement traditional connectivity solutions for long range communication. Short range technologies such as Bluetooth, BLE, ZigBee, WiFi or RFID will provide connectivity over short distances. And, of course, 5G presents another set of opportunities for IoT connectivity. This course explores radio technologies for IoT applications; discusses the underlying concepts and the resulting advantages and limitations. An analysis of spectrum requirements and availability complements the training. Course Objectives After completing the training, participants will be familiar with most recent radio technologies available to power IoT applications. They will understand the differences between the technologies, and the benefits and compromises of each. Intended for This course is intended for those who have basic knowledge in radio communication systems, who are interested in wireless systems for IoT applications and who may be responsible for implementing radio systems in industry. Contents IoT applications and communication requirements Overview on wireless technologies and approaches for IoT applications Spectrum requirements and availability Radio systems for Low Power Wide Area Networks Radio systems for Low Power Personal Area Networks 3GPP systems and the role of 5G for IoT About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).

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Course Code: WR1501 Course Summary This course presents an overview of the 802.11 family of wireless LAN technologies that are more commonly known as Wi-Fi. The course introduces the various forms of Wi-Fi currently in use and looks in detail at the structure, operation and functionality of Wi-Fi connections. It then examines the security mechanisms required to protect a Wi-Fi network. Consideration is also given to identifying common Wi-Fi problems and how to correct those issues in a Wi-Fi network. Who would benefit This course is suitable for communications professionals that will engaged in Wi-Fi network design and administration, and also those involved in deploying and maintaining Wi-Fi-based systems. Prerequisites Delegates should ideally have a background in telecommunications or Information Technology with an interest in technology. Topic Areas Include Wireless LAN Technologies and Standards 802.11 PHY MAC Frame Structures MAC Procedures Security Wi-Fi Troubleshooting On-Demand Online Training Our self-paced on-demand distance learning programmes are accessible on any computer, tablet or smartphone and allow you to study at a time and location that is convenient to you. Each course includes: Illustrated Course Books - featuring leading edge knowledge from subject matter experts. Videos - Detailed videos expand the points covered in the course books, discussing topics in greater depth.  Tutor Support – Dedicated course tutors are available to answer any questions you might have throughout your studies. Formative Assessment - Modules include regular quizzes to support learning by testing your knowledge of the subject matter. Certification– Successfully complete the end of module tests to earn Digital Badges to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge of the topic.

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Course Code: WR1501 Course Summary This course presents an overview of the 802.11 family of wireless LAN technologies that are more commonly known as Wi-Fi. The course introduces the various forms of Wi-Fi currently in use and looks in detail at the structure, operation and functionality of Wi-Fi connections. It then examines the security mechanisms required to protect a Wi-Fi network. Consideration is also given to identifying common Wi-Fi problems and how to correct those issues in a Wi-Fi network. Who would benefit This course is suitable for communications professionals that will engaged in Wi-Fi network design and administration, and also those involved in deploying and maintaining Wi-Fi-based systems. Prerequisites Delegates should ideally have a background in telecommunications or Information Technology with an interest in technology. Topic Areas Include Wireless LAN Technologies and Standards 802.11 PHY MAC Frame Structures MAC Procedures Security Wi-Fi Troubleshooting

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Course Code: WR1401 Course Summary This course presents an overview of the 802.11 family of wireless LAN technologies that are more commonly known as Wi-Fi. The course introduces the various forms of Wi-Fi currently in use and looks in detail at the structure, operation and functionality of Wi-Fi connections. It then examines issues related to the integration of Wi-Fi access into cellular provider’s portfolios and techniques that allow interworking between the access environments. Who would benefit This course is suitable for communications professionals involved in Wi-Fi network design and administration, and also those involved in deploying and maintaining Wi-Fi based systems. Prerequisites Delegates should ideally have an understanding of cellular networks and a keen interest in understanding Wi-Fi technologies. Topic Areas Include Wireless LAN Technologies and Standards The Protocol Stack Layer 1 The Protocol Stack Layer 2 Wi-Fi Security Wi-Fi Deployment and Integration

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Course Code: MB350 Course Summary The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a very complex technology that is described in tens of thousands of pages of technical specifications. Wray Castle has distilled this information into a two-day, high-level focused learning experience that will significantly shorten the learning curve for understanding this technology. Who would benefit Those requiring a technical introduction to the UMTS network, its architecture, capabilities and operations including how it interworks with other networks. Prerequisites An appreciation of 2G network operation and services and an ability to comprehend technical information is beneficial. Topic Areas Include UMTS evolution and 3G standardization 3G spectrum allocation UMTS services and service aims UMTS network architecture UMTS radio environment and system areas Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Core network operation The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) CDMA operation and code types Power control and handover UMTS channels and air interface operation UMTS network procedures

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Course Code: MB2004 Course Summary This course provides a clear and logically organized tour of the 3GPP UMTS circuit-switched and packet-switched core network domains. The course describes the operation of the main core network protocols and outlines the evolutionary path towards an all IP based network. The functions of the various interfaces are explained including those towards the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). References are made to the latest releases of 3GPP specifications throughout the course. Who would benefit Those requiring a comprehensive understanding of UMTS core network architecture, interfaces, protocols and operation, including the Release 4 circuit switched core network, the packet switched core network, associated functions such as security, charging, signalling protocols and location based services. Prerequisites Familiarity with the architecture and general operation of a UMTS network is beneficial. Some knowledge of IP and the OSI seven-layer model will also be advantageous. Topic Areas Include UMTS core network architectures Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) RANAP Iu protocol Circuit-switched core network procedures Packet-switched core network functionality Mobility management Interworking with 2G, 4G and WLAN Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) IN and CAMEL Location Services (LCS) Security functions Charging Evolution to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

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Course Code: MB1301 Who Would Benefit Senior technical personnel involved in planning, designing or supporting the UMTS air interface environment. Prerequisites Attendance on this course assumes previous attendance on the UMTS Air Interface Live-on-Web course or equivalent knowledge. Contents The CDMA Receiver CDMA Code Functions Physical Layer Functions High Speed Packet Access (HSPA)

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Course Code: MB2002 Course Summary This course provides a comprehensive technical overview of the structure and operation of the UMTS air interface protocol stack. Who would benefit Those requiring a comprehensive technical overview of the structure and operation of the UMTS air interface protocol stack from layers 1 to 3. Prerequisites This course is technical in nature and assumes some knowledge of the UMTS network and its operation, or previous attendance on the UMTS System Overview course (MB350). Topic Areas Include Aims of a UMTS network Principles of spread spectrum technology Principles of CDMA and the use of codes UMTS air interface protocol structure Overview of UTRAN protocols Functions of Layer 1 Analysis of physical channels Power control Layer 2 protocols – RLC, MAC and PDCP Layer 3 protocol – RRC Synchronization and idle mode activities Network access and radio network identities Connected mode activities Handover scenarios Transmit diversity Security and error protection

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The comprehensive UIC Rail Academy: Telecoms Collections includes a wide range of training programmes covering the technologies key to the future of rail communications systems. Our proven platform combined with our Gold Standard training material covering the major rail communications systems (incl. GSM-R, ERTMS/ETCS and FRMCS) and underlying telecoms technologies effectively enables knowledge transfer and upskills staff across an organisation. The Telecoms Collection helps address the skills gap and delivers effective integrated training programmes that truly engage employees in their development, whether it’s new starters, identified talent, or experienced engineers. What’s included? Enrol in the UIC Rail Academy: Telecoms Collection and you'll have access to the following learning resources. The Critical Communications & Infrastructure Programme (Railway Sector) Extended Telecoms Learning Instructor-Led Live Online Training Foundation Courses Telecoms Foundation 2G to 5G Mobile Communications Radio Principles Rail Radio Communications GSM-R Engineering Overview ERTMS / ETCS for Radio Engineering FRMCS Engineering Courses 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies 5G Engineering Overview GSM Air Interface Introduction to Radio Microwave Link Planning Courses FRMCS Overview FRMCS Engineering Delivery Method: On-Demand Online Delivery Method: On-Demand Online Delivery Method: Live Online (Contact us for the training schedule) Licensing Options The UIC Rail Academy: Telecoms Collection is available from single user licences to enterprise-wide licenses making it a cost effected way to upskill your organisation. Users Single Team (2-4) Enterprise (5+) Price/User €5,950 £4,695 POA For more information email uicacademy@wraycastle.com

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A concise course on interpreting TowerCo Master Services Agreements, focusing on telecommunications industry contracts. While this course is not a substitute for legal advice, it will empower you to understand and navigate these complex agreements, covering topics from the importance of contracts to verifying agreement accuracy, contract validity, proactive contract management, and an in-depth exploration of typical contract sections. By the end of this course, you'll be equipped to make informed decisions and safeguard your organisation's interests. Course Contents: Contractual fundamentals Jargon buster approach Cellsite outsourcing in context Importance of proactive contract management to avoid costly disputes Generic form of a TowerCo Master Services Agreement Authority Matrixes  

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This course provides a technical overview of the TETRA system – both Trunked Mode Operation (TMO) and Direct Mode Operation (DMO).  The course commences with a look at the ETSI technical specifications that define TETRA and the general requirements of users of Professional Mobile Systems. The course moves on to examine the range of services that TETRA is capable of delivering, and the network elements, architecture and functionality required to deliver these services.  The air interface structure and associated protocol stack are then explained in some detail, along with mobility management procedures such as cell selection and re-selection.   The philosophy of trunked radio networks is also explored, and the benefits of trunking are explained, along with a look at capacity planning.  The course finishes with an explanation of the steps taken to make the air interface as secure as possible – including authentication and encryption. This course is an ideal foundation for further study as it provides a solid understanding of TETRA, whilst also highlighting the flexibility and sophistication of this technology. Who would benefit Those working or involved in PMR or PAMR who need to understand TETRA technology, specification and capabilities. Prerequisites Familiarity with the architecture and general operation of typical VHF or UHF mobile networks is advantageous, and some understanding of radio techniques is useful. Topic Areas Include: Introduction to TETRA TETRA Services TETRA Network Components TETRA Network Architecture and Functionality Air Interface Radio Procedures TETRA System Capacity Direct Mode Operation (DMO) Security Aspects of TETRA   On-Demand Online Training Our self-paced on-demand distance learning programmes are accessible on any computer, tablet or smartphone and allow you to study at a time and location that is convenient to you. Each course includes: Illustrated Course Books - featuring leading edge knowledge from subject matter experts. Videos - Detailed videos expand the points covered in the course books, discussing topics in greater depth.  Tutor Support – Dedicated course tutors are available to answer any questions you might have throughout your studies. Formative Assessment - Modules include regular quizzes to support learning by testing your knowledge of the subject matter. Certification– Successfully complete the end of module tests to earn Digital Badges to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge of the topic. Also available as a Live Online Training Programme, learn more.

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Duration: 24 Months Modern Rail networks rely on efficient and resilient communications networks, without which rail networks cannot operate safely. The demand for up-to-date technical skills for those involved in maintaining and developing transport communications systems continues to grow.  The Critical Communications and Infrastructure Programme (Railway Sector) is a comprehensive programme designed to equip professionals in the rail industry with the essential knowledge and skills to excel in their roles. The programme aims to provide participants with a holistic understanding of rail radio communication technologies, strategic insights, and practical skills to navigate the complexities of the ecosystem. This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Each complete self-paced on-demand distance learning course includes an extensive blend of core reading materials, video resources, quizzes and a dedicated Instructor.  All in a modern, intuitive and secure cross-device Virtual Learning Environment. Programme Format Foundation Courses Introduction to Telecoms 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Radio Principles Specialist Courses: GSM-R Engineering Overview ERTMS/ETCS for Radio Engineers FRMCS Engineering Who would benefit? The Critical Communications and Infrastructure Programme (Railway Sector) would benefit those working in the rail industry with a responsibility for planning, building, maintaining and optimising the rail communications networks of today and tomorrow. Rigorous testing, regular digital badging and certification ensures that successful students are able to demonstrate the breadth and depth of their knowledge. What sets the programmes apart? Focused Learning Pathways – guide you through the material and enable you to become an expert in your chosen field. Flexible Learning – study at a time, location and pace of your choice, allowing you to fit your study into your schedule. Full Tutor Support – from industry experts with decades of experience throughout your studies. 24 months access –access to the all the training materials for 2 years, allowing you to refer back to the material after your studies. Regular Testing and Digital Badges – allow you to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge End of Programme Certificate – students successfully completing the programme are issued with a certificate complete with a grade transcript.   Developed and Certified by Wray Castle – the leading supplier of training the global telecoms industry. For purchase of multiple seats, please contact us at uicacaedmy@wraycastle.com

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Course Code: TR1302 Course Summary All aspects of a TETRA system are described including the TETRA 1 and TETRA 2 standards. The course introduces trunking principles, service aspects, network planning and architecture. Technical details about the TETRA radio interface are also examined. Who would benefit Those working or involved in PMR or PAMR who need to understand TETRA technology, specification and capabilities. Prerequisites Familiarity with the architecture and general operation of typical VHF or UHF mobile networks is advantageous, and some understanding of radio techniques is useful. Topic Areas Include An overview of the TETRA standards TETRA 2 Trunked radio principles Traffic analysis TETRA services and interfaces Cellular principles Network planning TETRA security TETRA frequency allocations TETRA channels Network architecture TETRA user terminals The TETRA radio interface TETRA mobility management Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

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Course Code: TR1202 Course Summary The topics covered in this course will equip delegates with the knowledge to plan and configure TETRA networks. Who would benefit Engineers working or involved in radio system design who require a detailed understanding of the planning, optimisation and configuration aspects of TETRA systems. Prerequisites Familiarity with the principles and techniques of designing a mobile radio system, or previous attendance on the Radio System Design course (RP1101). Topic Areas Include TETRA air interface structure – sub-slots, time slots and bursts TETRA modulation and channel coding performance Static and dynamic receiver sensitivity Dynamic channel adaptation Adaptive power control mechanisms and procedures Synchronisation and network broadcast channels Radio usable, radio relinquishable and radio improvable Random access procedures Cell surveillance, monitoring and scanning Undeclared, unannounced and announced cell reselection C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 calculations Concentric, conforming and non-conforming carriers Normal, extended and shared control Capacity planning – circuit switched, packet switched, and control Fleet mapping Message, transmission and quasi-transmission trunking Carrier sharing options Configuring TETRA timers and energy economy mode Planning TETRA radio coverage Includes a TETRA system coverage and capacity design exercise.

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Course Code: TR1301 Course Summary This course provides TETRA design, specification and system engineers with the necessary information and skills required to plan and configure the security services available on TETRA networks. Who would benefit Engineers and system administrators working or involved in secure system design for TETRA systems. Prerequisites Good understanding of TETRA radio system capabilities and target markets. Topic Areas Include Security fundamentals TETRA security classes DMO and V+D capabilities Integration of TETRA security to TETRA V+D and DMO capabilities TETRA attack vectors TETRA authentication TETRA confidentiality mechanisms Algorithms Initialization and maintenance of secured path OTAR protocols OTAR algorithms End-to-end security Privacy protection Legal framework

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Course Code: TR1203 Course Summary The topics covered in this course will enable those working in TETRA systems administration, design and specification to plan and configure TETRA Direct Mode. Who would benefit Engineers working or involved in mobile radio system management and design who require a detailed understanding of the planning, optimisation and configuration aspects of TETRA Direct Mode Operation. Prerequisites Familiarity with the principles and techniques of designing mobile radio systems, or previous attendance on the Radio System Design course (RP1101). Topic Areas Include Introduction to TETRA DMO DMO air interface structure Advantages and disadvantages of DMO DMO services Frequency efficient operation Dual watch mobiles Dual mode mobiles DMO repeaters DMO gateways DMO gateway repeaters Radio coverage and co-existence issues Managed DMO DMO security Includes a DMO 'coverage' design exercise.

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Course Code: MB2601 Course Summary This course provides a detailed description of the key aspects of the radio link between a TETRA mobile and a TETRA base station. V+D and Release 2 are covered in detail. The course includes higher-layer signalling, protocol interactions and media processing aspects as well as lower-layer functions such as modulation, radio performance and channel coding. Who would benefit Those working or involved in PMR or PAMR requiring a detailed understanding of the TETRA air interface. Prerequisites Familiarity with the architecture and general operation of a TETRA network, or previous attendance on the TETRA System Overview course (TR1302). Topic Areas Include TETRA identities TETRA bearer services, teleservices and supplementary services TETRA air interface protocol stack TETRA frequency allocation TETRA channels TETRA modulation schemes - inc. π/4DQPSK and QAM Medium Access Control (MAC) layer Logical Link Control (LLC) layer Supplementary Service (SS) and Short Data Service (SDS) protocols TETRA Mobility Management (MM) protocol Authentication and ciphering TETRA Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

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Course Code: TR1201 Course Summary All aspects of a TETRA system are described including the TETRA 1 and TETRA 2 standards. The course introduces trunking principles, service aspects, network planning and architecture. Technical details about the TETRA radio interface are also examined. Who would benefit Those working or involved in PMR or PAMR who need to understand TETRA technology, specification and capabilities. Prerequisites Familiarity with the architecture and general operation of typical VHF or UHF mobile networks is advantageous, and some understanding of radio techniques is useful. Topic Areas Include An overview of the TETRA standards TETRA 2 Trunked radio principles Traffic analysis TETRA services and interfaces Cellular principles Network planning TETRA security TETRA frequency allocations TETRA channels Network architecture TETRA user terminals The TETRA radio interface TETRA mobility management Direct Mode Operation (DMO)

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The Telecoms Industry is based on a range of technologies that are extremely diverse, wide ranging, and highly complex. With this foundation, the industry is able to support a wide variety of service propositions in a significant number of identifiable sectors, and as a result, a vast array of business models. The complex business ecosystems are comprised of many thousands of companies and the relationships that exist between them. This includes Communications Service Providers (CSP), Network Equipment and Handset Vendors, Service / Support Companies, Standardisation Bodies, Regulators, and Content / Media Companies. The ecosystems are dynamic in nature and evolving rapidly in terms of focus. The sheer scale of it all makes it difficult to fully understand and analyse, but in this course, we start that process. We explore the overall make-up of the industry and the business dynamics; the types of organisations involved and their roles and relationships; the service propositions; and main customer segments. We also briefly consider company strategy and business models. An evaluation of the key technologies that support the industry is made, including projections, time-lines and overall market trajectories. Topic Areas Include: Telecoms Industry and Business Dynamics The Technology Explained and Evaluated Telecoms Industry and Market Update

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This course has been designed for those who do not have a technical background and are new to the telecommunications industry or those who are currently working in the sector. The historical background to telecommunications is described and the technologies, abbreviations and techniques that are employed are explained. During the course, emphasis is placed on learning by group work, discussion and exercises that enhance the understanding of networks and their operation. Use of laptops, tablets and smartphones with Internet access are employed to explore emerging technologies in various areas. Videos and images of equipment and networks are used to explore the many applications of telecommunication in the modern world. Topic Areas Include Defining Telecoms and the Nature of Information A Historical Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Network

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