Deep dive into the 5G Registration Message Flow, analyse the output (via Wireshark pcap files)  and gain a comprehensive understanding of the 5G registration protocol. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. Registration Message Flow Gain a comprehensive understanding of the 5G registration protocols including: Message flows for 5G-AKA Subscriber Data Management PCF Interaction Signalling by NAS, NGAP, and HTTPv2 protocols. Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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An introduction to the new capabilities of 5G and 5G-Advanced in Releases 16, 17 and 18. The material spans the fixed network and the air interface, and covers topics such as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) services, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB), Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs), Machine Type Communications (MTC) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Who would benefit The course is intended for engineers who require an up-to-date knowledge of the capabilities of 5G. Prerequisites The course assumes familiarity with mobile telecommunication systems and a basic understanding of 5G Release 15.

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The nature of 5G means that the security architecture and processes need to cover new aspects (when compared to previous 3GPP generations), including 5GNR/LTE Dual Connectivity, standardized interfaces for distributed gNB / RAN architectures, more tightly integrated Non-3GPP Access, and most significantly, the new Service Based Interfaces used within the 5G Core. The 5G Security course provides a comprehensive grounding in this expanded set of security requirements and mechanisms used in 5G. We start by considering the 5G architecture in order to better understand the overall security requirements for both the UE and network. We then build on the security architecture of 4G LTE, with relevant modifications and additions required for 5G, before focusing squarely on the additional features and procedures required to secure the 5G Core Network (Service Based Interface). Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the security environment employed within 5G networks. It will also be of benefit to those in the wider technical community who have a need to understand the security protocols employed by advanced cellular networks. Prerequisites An understanding of 4G (and legacy 2G and 3G) security procedures would be an advantage as would a basic understanding of 5G and / or LTE network architecture and functionality. Topic Areas Include 5G Architecture and the Service Based Interface 5G Security Architecture and Authentication and Key Agreement Security and the Service Based Interface (including SEPP)

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The nature of 5G means that the security architecture and processes need to cover new aspects (when compared to previous 3GPP generations), including 5GNR/LTE Dual Connectivity, standardized interfaces for distributed gNB / RAN architectures, more tightly integrated Non-3GPP Access, and most significantly, the new Service Based Interfaces used within the 5G Core. The 5G Security on-demand course provides a comprehensive grounding in this expanded set of security requirements and mechanisms used in 5G. We start by considering the 5G architecture in order to better understand the overall security requirements for both the UE and network. We then build on the security architecture of 4G LTE, with relevant modifications and additions required for 5G, before focusing squarely on the additional features and procedures required to secure the 5G Core Network (Service Based Interface). This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the security environment employed within 5G networks. It will also be of benefit to those in the wider technical community who have a need to understand the security protocols employed by advanced cellular networks. Prerequisites An understanding of 4G (and legacy 2G and 3G) security procedures would be an advantage as would a basic understanding of 5G and / or LTE network architecture and functionality. Topic Areas Include 5G Architecture and the Service Based Interface 5G Security Architecture and Authentication and Key Agreement Security and the Service Based Interface (including SEPP)

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The nature of 5G means that the security architecture and processes need to cover new aspects (when compared to previous 3GPP generations), including 5GNR/LTE Dual Connectivity, standardized interfaces for distributed gNB / RAN architectures, more tightly integrated Non-3GPP Access, and most significantly, the new Service Based Interfaces used within the 5G Core. The 5G Security for Railways course provides a comprehensive grounding in this expanded set of security requirements and mechanisms used in 5G. We start by considering the 5G architecture in order to better understand the overall security requirements for both the UE and network. We then build on the security architecture of 4G LTE, with relevant modifications and additions required for 5G, before focusing squarely on the additional features and procedures required to secure the 5G Core Network (Service Based Interface). With the emergence of FRMCS our 5G Rail portfolio addresses the technical requirements of FRMCS. Who would benefit This course is designed for engineers, managers and other personnel who have a need to acquire a technical overview of the security environment employed within 5G networks. It will also be of benefit to those in the wider technical community who have a need to understand the security protocols employed by advanced cellular networks. Prerequisites An understanding of 4G (and legacy 2G and 3G) security procedures would be an advantage as would a basic understanding of 5G and / or LTE network architecture and functionality. Topic Areas Include 5G Architecture and the Service Based Interface 5G Security Architecture and Authentication and Key Agreement Security and the Service Based Interface (including SEPP)

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Core Network Functions are explored, including their overall purpose, their specific role within the SBA, and the features / services that they support. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of the 5G Core and SBA supporting protocols and technologies, as well as a thorough examination of the Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Example procedures then allow us to build a comprehensive picture of the relevant techniques and features, and to make sense of the way in which the SBA is consistent with, and supports, key 5G enabling principles - including virtualisation and network slicing. Finally, security on the SBI is explored, highlighting the new network functions and techniques that have been introduced with 5G to provide new security features (including the roaming scenario), and a more secure core network domain. Who would benefit This course is designed for those involved in the design, deployment and development of the 5G Service Based Architecture and the 5G Core. Prerequisites This is a technical course, so experience or knowledge of the 5G system from a technical perspective would be an advantage. Topic Areas Include 5G Introduction and Deployment Options The 5G Core Network Functions 5G Core Supporting Protocols and Technologies The Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs Explained Procedures Deployment options SBI Security Optional 5G Virtual Lab Module Explore, Test, Optimise, and Troubleshoot the 5G System Deep dive into the key signalling scenarios in the 5G system and analyse the output to build a deeper understanding that goes beyond the theoretical. The lab is a fully emulated 5G System environment that enables you to experiment with the configurations for Network Functions and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that helps you to develop greater insight into the operation of the 5G System. Lab modules can be added to any relevant 5G course. Learn more and arrange a demo.   Also available as a Self-Paced Online Training Programme, learn more.

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Core Network Functions are explored, including their overall purpose, their specific role within the SBA, and the features / services that they support. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of the 5G Core and SBA supporting protocols and technologies, as well as a thorough examination of the Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Example procedures then allow us to build a comprehensive picture of the relevant techniques and features, and to make sense of the way in which the SBA is consistent with, and supports, key 5G enabling principles - including virtualisation and network slicing. Finally, security on the SBI is explored, highlighting the new network functions and techniques that have been introduced with 5G to provide new security features (including the roaming scenario), and a more secure core network domain. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is designed for those involved in the design, deployment and development of the 5G Service Based Architecture and the 5G Core. Prerequisites This is a technical course, so experience or knowledge of the 5G system from a technical perspective would be an advantage. Topic Areas Include 5G Introduction and Deployment Options The 5G Core Network Functions 5G Core Supporting Protocols and Technologies The Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs Explained Procedures Deployment options SBI Security

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5G Service Based Architecture for Railways training course expores the Core Network Functions , including their overall purpose, their specific role within the SBA, and the features / services that they support. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of the 5G Core and SBA supporting protocols and technologies, as well as a thorough examination of the Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs (Application Programming Interfaces). Example procedures then allow us to build a comprehensive picture of the relevant techniques and features, and to make sense of the way in which the SBA is consistent with, and supports, key 5G enabling principles - including virtualisation and network slicing. Finally, security on the SBI is explored, highlighting the new network functions and techniques that have been introduced with 5G to provide new security features (including the roaming scenario), and a more secure core network domain. With the emergence of FRMCS our 5G Rail portfolio addresses the technical requirements of FRMCS. Who would benefit This course is designed for those involved in the design, deployment and development of the 5G Service Based Architecture and the 5G Core. Prerequisites This is a technical course, so experience or knowledge of the 5G system from a technical perspective would be an advantage. Topic Areas Include 5G Introduction and Deployment Options The 5G Core Network Functions 5G Core Supporting Protocols and Technologies The Service Based Interface (SBI) and Service APIs Explained Procedures Deployment options SBI Security Optional 5G Virtual Lab Module Explore, Test, Optimise, and Troubleshoot the 5G System Deep dive into the key signalling scenarios in the 5G system and analyse the output to build a deeper understanding that goes beyond the theoretical. The lab is a fully emulated 5G System environment that enables you to experiment with the configurations for Network Functions and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that helps you to develop greater insight into the operation of the 5G System. Lab modules can be added to any relevant 5G course. Learn more and arrange a demo.

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Deep dive into the 5G Session Establishment Procedure and User Plane Resource setup, analyse the output (via Wireshark pcap files) and gain a comprehensive understanding of the 5G Session Establishment Procedure. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. Session Establishment Message Flow Get hands-on experience of Session Establishment Procedure and User Plane Resource setup including: PFCP Signalling towards the UPF, using PFCP protocol 5GSM signalling details Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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This 1/2-day lab enables you to develop a deep understanding of the 5G Session Modification Message Flow insights into the intricacies of the modification process The cloud-based labs provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. Session Modification Message Flow Develop insights into the intricacies of the modification process, this lab examines: Modifying an existing PDU Session for SSC Modes 2 and 3 Addition and deletion of UPF for User Plane resources UL CL and PFCP message flow Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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As 5G networks mature, a solid grasp of the procedures that govern how devices and network functions interact is essential for professionals working in planning, operations, or optimisation. This short course offers a technical overview of the core signalling and operational procedures in 5G Standalone (SA) networks. In just three hours, you'll explore how 5G procedures have evolved - from initial deployments that relied on LTE signalling to fully native 5G implementations across both the core and radio access network. The course covers the step-by-step processes involved in device registration, network function discovery, and session establishment and modification. You'll also gain insight into mobility management procedures, including how 5G handles transitions between different UE states - idle, connected, and inactive - and how it manages tasks like cell selection, registration updates, service requests, and handovers. The role of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol in managing radio connections, reporting measurements, and supporting dual connectivity scenarios is also explained. This course is designed to provide technical professionals with a foundational understanding of how 5G devices and networks interact through signalling and procedure flows, forming the basis for reliable service delivery in real-world deployments. Course Contents 5G Procedures NF Service Registration, Discovery, Subscription and Notification Power-on Procedures Registration Procedure PDU Session Establishment Server-triggered PDU Session Modification and QoS Flow Establishment Change of PDU Session Anchor Mobility Management and Registration Update UE Triggered Service Request Procedure RNA Update and RRC Transitions Xn-based Handover Procedure Addition of a Secondary Node Access Network Release Procedure Signalling Procedures RRC Signalling Overview NSA and SA RRC Reconfiguration Message Overview RRC Measurements Procedures MR-DC Procedures

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As mobile networks transition to full 5G Standalone deployments, understanding the 5G Core (5GC) is essential for engineers and technical professionals involved in network design, deployment, or support. This single-module course offers a concise but comprehensive introduction to the 5G Core Network Architecture. In just three hours, you’ll explore the key building blocks of the 5G Core, including the main network functions such as the UDM, AMF, SMF, and UPF, and their roles in managing subscriber data, mobility, sessions, and user traffic. The module also explains important network and UE identifiers, tracking area concepts, and the role of service-based interfaces in enabling 5G’s flexibility. You’ll gain insight into how 5G supports roaming, interworks with legacy EPC networks, and introduces network slicing—a powerful concept that allows the same physical network to support a wide variety of use cases with different performance requirements. This course is ideal for those who need a technical overview of the 5G Core without going deep into protocol-level detail, and serves as a foundation for further learning or practical application in 5G projects. Course Contents 5G Core Network Functions Overview Reference Point Architecture 5G Roaming Architectures Service Based Architecture Service Based Interface Concepts 5G Core Network Functions Data Storage Architecture Interworking and Migration Non-3GPP Access 5G Identities Identities for Network Slicing TAC and RAN Identites

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Deep dive into 5G  Standalone Core Network Protocols and Procedures with this 2-day lab workshop. The lab workshop includes a mix of theory and hands-on exercises and includes a detailed guide covering  exercises on various protocols and signalling scenarios in 5G System. The focus of the lab is the 5G Core Network with extensive coverage of the Service Based Architecture and HTTPv2 including JSON. Furthermore all protocols around the 5G Core Network are examined (PFCP, NGAP and 5G NAS). The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. Topic Areas Include: Protocols: 5G NAS: 5GMM & 5GSM NGAP SBA and HTTPv2 JSON PFCP GTP-u Signalling Procedures: Registration Deregistration PDU Session GUTI Registration Service Request Paging Xn Handover N2 Handover UL CL – Uplink Classifier   Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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Understanding the protocols that underpin 5G Standalone (SA) deployments is critical for anyone involved in mobile network design, deployment, or troubleshooting. This single-module course provides a practical overview of the key signalling and user plane protocols that enable communication within the 5G system. In just three hours, you'll explore how 5G SA uses modern service-based interfaces, with a focus on HTTP/2 and JSON for communication between core network functions. You'll also learn about protocol roles such as PFCP for user plane control, GTPv2-C for EPC interworking, and NAS protocols for direct signalling with the user equipment. The course also covers the essential signalling protocols in the NG-RAN, including NG-AP, Xn-AP, F1-AP, E1-AP, and RRC - critical for coordinating activity across the RAN and between the RAN and core. On the user plane, you’ll examine how data transport is managed using PDU sessions, and how session types (IP, Ethernet, Unstructured) are established and handled. You’ll also gain an understanding of QoS Flows, with parameters such as 5QI and ARP used to deliver differentiated service levels. This course is ideal for technical professionals who need a working knowledge of 5G SA protocol architecture, signalling behaviour, and data transport mechanisms - without going deep into packet-level analysis. Course Contents                         PDU Sessions and QoS Flows 5G QoS Parameters, ARP and 5QI Implementation of PDU Sessions IP PDU Session Types, IP Ethernet and Unstructured Multiple PDU Sessions Anchors Reflective QoS User Plane Protocol Stack Core Network Signalling Overview Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) HTTP 2 and JSON_2 Non-Access Stratum (NAS) and Access Stratum (AS) Protocols Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) Signalling Protocols Overview RAN Protocols for the NG, FI, E1 and Xn Interfaces RAN User Plane Protocol

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With SA 5G, we witness the evolution of mobile networks, from being reliant on legacy infrastructure, to achieving true independence - and unlocking unprecedented capabilities that enables 5G to support a much wider range of industrial use cases. In this course, we guide you through the benefits and challenges of deploying Standalone 5G, exploring its architectural advancements, unique features, and the benefits it brings to both consumers and businesses. We then highlight the enhanced capabilities and expanded use cases made possible by key technology enablers - including network slicing, edge computing, virtualization, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), network exposure, and network automation. We discuss the impact of 5G SA for network operators, service providers, and enterprises - exploring the opportunities and challenges that arise in the deployment and management of advanced 5G networks. Who Would Benefit Ideal for anyone needing clarity on 5G trajectory – including capabilities & use cases Prerequisites A basic appreciation of the telecoms landscape – both technical and business Course Contents                             5G Base Capabilities  A Business Perspective 5G Standalone (SA)  5G Enablers for Industry

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Course Code: FG2301 One of the key requirements of 5G is its flexibility. Spectrum, Radio Interface configurations, RAN (Radio Access Network) deployment, Core Networks, and the mix of 4G and 5G used within the network are highly flexible – with much more flexible resource allocation compared to previous generations.Non-standalone (NSA) 5G made use of this flexibility by enabling 5G to effectively be an add-on to the public 4G LTE network; providing much-needed added capacity in specific locations (many of which were reaching maximum capacity), but continuing to make extensive use of existing 4G infrastructure and operations.As an Industry, we are now looking at full Standalone (SA) 5G – allowing us to gain the full benefits of 5G (in terms of better efficiency, latency, energy use, reliability etc). This means that we will need to transition to specific configurations and deployment options in order to allow full 5G operation. As an example, one of the conditions for SA 5G is that we use the new Service Based Architecture for the 5GC(5G Core).This programme focuses on the 5G system in the form of Standalone 5G (SA 5G), including the various configurations, procedures, and deployment options. Topic Areas Include: Introduction to 5G Principles of the 5G New Radio 5G Air Interface Radio Access Network Architecture Core Network Architecture Data Transport 5G Procedures 5G Security Architecture; and Authentication and Key Agreement Security and the Service Based Interface (including SEPP*) Releases 16 and 17 5G Protocols

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Course Code: FG1701 Course Summary This course is a non-technical introduction to the 5G mobile communication system, including its capabilities, general structure and operation, as well as its position as a development of previous technologies. The course also covers the place that 5G holds in the telecommunications market, and how that is developing. Who would benefit This course is intended for non-technical professionals either new to, or already working in, the mobile or fixed telecommunications sector. Prerequisites No technical knowledge is assumed but some familiarity with the telecommunications industry would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Introduction to 5G Market drivers for 5G Use cases for 5G Performance objectives and spectrum requirements Concepts and key features of 5G Architecture of the core and radio access networks of 5G Voice services in 5G Key industry and market players Standardisation and timelines for 3GPP and the ITU 5G, LTE and Wi-Fi – a holistic approach

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This 5G Technologies, Services and Markets on-demand course is a non-technical introduction to the 5G mobile communication system, including its capabilities, general structure and operation, as well as its position as a development of previous technologies. The course also covers the place that 5G holds in the telecommunications market, and how that is developing. This self-paced on-demand distance learning course features illustrated course books, videos, tests and full tutor support. Who would benefit This course is intended for non-technical professionals either new to, or already working in, the mobile or fixed telecommunications sector. Prerequisites No technical knowledge is assumed but some familiarity with the telecommunications industry would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Introduction to 5G Market drivers for 5G Use cases for 5G Performance objectives and spectrum requirements Concepts and key features of 5G Architecture of the core and radio access networks of 5G Voice services in 5G Key industry and market players Standardisation and timelines for 3GPP and the ITU 5G, LTE and Wi-Fi – a holistic approach

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This intensive 4-day workshop focusses initially on the commercial aspects of 5G and the capabilities it brings to telcos, new and emerging players in the communications industry, as well as adjacent industries. It illustrates how the technology (New Radio, NG-RAN, and SBA – Service Based Architecture), enable and support the required flexibility, cost structures, diverse deployment scenarios, and new use cases – to support existing and new / emerging business models. We explore, and make sense of, the next phase of connectivity and connected innovation, and the role 5G has in enabling the transition to a massively expanded set of business models and opportunities. Participants will build a much clearer picture of the steps they (and their teams) need to take within their own organisation to maximise the opportunities that 5G presents. This workshop then provides a technical introduction to 5G, including the principles, design, and implementation of the 5G air interface, radio access network and core network, and the operation of the 5G system. Prerequisites To gain maximum benefit, participants should have a relatively rounded background in telecommunications or adjacent industries (whether technical, commercial, or both). Course Timetable Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 AM The Telecoms Environment 5G as a Key Business Enabler for Ongoing Connectivity Connected Innovation – A New Universe for Connectivity Supporting New Use Cases Principles of the 5G New Radio 5G Network Architecture PM 5G – A Framework for Cost Control 5G Strategy 5G Air Interface 5G Procedures Releases 16 and 17 Optional 5G Virtual Lab Module Explore, Test, Optimise, and Troubleshoot the 5G System Deep dive into the key signalling scenarios in the 5G system and analyse the output to build a deeper understanding that goes beyond the theoretical. The lab is a fully emulated 5G System environment that enables you to experiment with the configurations for Network Functions and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that helps you to develop greater insight into the operation of the 5G System. Lab modules can be added to any relevant 5G course. Learn more and arrange a demo.

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With SA 5G, we witness the evolution of mobile networks, from being reliant on legacy infrastructure, to achieving true independence - and unlocking unprecedented capabilities that enables 5G to support a much wider range of industrial use cases. In this course, we guide you through the benefits and challenges of deploying Standalone 5G, exploring its architectural advancements, unique features, and the benefits it brings to both consumers and businesses. We then highlight the enhanced capabilities and expanded use cases made possible by key technology enablers - including network slicing, edge computing, virtualization, non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), network exposure, and network automation. We discuss the impact of 5G SA for network operators, service providers, and enterprises - exploring the opportunities and challenges that arise in the deployment and management of advanced 5G networks. Who Would Benefit Ideal for anyone needing clarity on 5G trajectory – including capabilities & use cases Prerequisites A basic appreciation of the telecoms landscape – both technical and business Course Contents                             5G Base Capabilities  A Business Perspective 5G Standalone (SA)  5G Enablers for Industry

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Transformative Training Powered by IEEE and Wray Castle Powered by the joint expertise of IEEE and Wray Castle, the 5G/6G Essential Protocols & Procedures Training and Innovation Testbed offers a comprehensive exploration of 5G’s most crucial protocols and procedures. This cutting-edge course blends robust theory with hands-on practice via the IEEE 5G/6G Innovation Testbed - a secure, cloud-based platform providing end-to-end 5G network testing capabilities. The Key Protocols & Procedures Putting Theory Immediately into Practice 5G Registration Process - Identities, Authentication, Subscriber Data Network Functions & Interactions - UDM, UDR, PCF, AMF, SMF, UPF PDU Session Establishment - End-to-End signaling and network slicing PFCP & N4 Signaling -Policy and Session Management in 5G Specifically designed for: System engineers and integrators Engineers working with operation, optimization, and troubleshooting Technical professionals responsible for 5G System signaling

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Course Code: QS1301 Course Summary RADIUS is used essentially to introduce the topic and provide a progression towards Diameter with the main emphasis being on the newer Diameter protocol. The course will also delve into the deployment of Diameter as seen by modern telecoms in particular. After looking at Diameter in detail the course will review how it is being implemented into 3GPP’s IMS and LTE network architectures. Who would benefit This course is primarily designed for engineers working for equipment manufacturers and for network operators who are involved in equipment design, manufacturing, network planning, network optimization, strategy determination and deployment of RADIUS and Diameter technologies. Prerequisites There are no major prerequisites, but to maximise the benefits of this course a good understanding of the architecture of modern telecommunications networks including IMS and LTE would be advantageous as well as a reasonable understanding of the MAP protocol and the messages used to support a mobile device for registration and location updates. A grasp of SCTP as used in SIGTRAN would also be beneficial. Topic Areas Include Introduction to RADIUS and Diameter Diameter Transports The Diameter Base Protocol and Entities Investigating Diameter Base Protocol Diameter Operations and Extensibility Diameter Accounting Protocol Diameter Security Diameter in IMS Diameter in the Evolved Packet Core

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The Lab allows you to analyse, test and understand the Influencing Traffic-Routing initiated by an AF and the details of traffic routing to develop a deep understanding of the protocols involved. The cloud-based lab provides participants with access to a fully emulated 5G System environment. Experiment with the configurations for various Network Functions within the 5G Core Network and build customized settings for signalling scenarios that will enable users to develop greater insight in to the operation of the 5G System. AF Influence on Traffic Routing Message Flow Explore the Influencing Traffic-Routing initiated by an AF and the intricacies of traffic routing to develop a comprehensive understanding of the protocols involved: AF/P-CSCF PCF and SM Policy Control Analyses of the SMF behaviour Signalling done by HTTPv2 and PFCP protocols. Lab Features & Benefits Through a combination of hands-on experience and guided instruction our virtual labs allow users to explore signalling procedures in the 5G system. Our labs feature: A simulated 5G network - Provides hands-on experience and reinforces theoretical knowledge. Guided exercises for signalling scenarios - makes learning and applying new concepts straightforward. Wireshark (pcap) output files – detailed output files provide deep system insight. Cloud-based lab - available 24/7 on any connected device. Individual dedicate server - Ensures that your work is kept private and secure. Ongoing trainer support - ensures you get expert advice when needed. Full integration with Wray Castles training programmes - allows you to build bespoke learning pathways for specialist teams across your organisation. You can find more information on our labs and arranges a demo here.

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This course is designed to provide participants with a good grounding in the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in telecoms and connected innovation. Through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical applications, participants will gain a solid foundation in AI and its various subfields, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. We then focus on the use of AI in telecoms, including driving more efficient, and greener, networks, and how AI and the associated Machine Learning models will be supported within evolving telecoms architectures – including supporting significant use cases like the Metaverse, Intelligent Transportation, and Autonomous Driving (amongst others). We explore how telecoms supports AI in wider industry, and its powerful fusion with IoT concepts to form the AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) – looking at how AI drives innovation across various industries, supporting concepts such as smarter cities, more efficient manufacturing, and even personalised healthcare. By the end of the course, participants will have a stronger grasp of AI concepts and techniques, and their real-world applications in telecoms. They will be equipped to pursue further studies in AI or apply their knowledge to diverse domains where AI plays a significant role. Course Contents                             Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Applying Machine Learning to AI Natural Language Processing (NLP) Computer Vision Robotics and Autonomous Systems AI in Industry AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) Wthics and Responsible AI

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Those needing to understand the definition of APIs and its usage in Web Services and 5G Core Network. Prerequisites Some knowledge or experience of packet-switched data network operation and Internet technology is beneficial. General knowledge about 4G and 5G. Course Contents                             Introduction to API API Standards and Definition API and Web Services 3GPP and 5G APIs 5G Service Based Architecture (SBI) Course Director: Maziar Shoaie Maziar is a seasoned telecommunications trainer with over 23 years of experience. He has delivered courses in more than 45 countries to customers from all over the world, including operators, vendors, and integrators. He is a core-network specialist with expertise in 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks. and the developer of the Wray Castle 5G Lab and Workshop.

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Telecommunication Engineers, API Developers, Project Managers and Enthusiasts in the telecommunications industry who are looking to deepen their understanding of API integration, specifically focusing on NEF (Network Exposure Function) within the context of 3GPP R18 standards and GSMA Open Gateway Initiatives.  Prerequisites Basic understanding of telecommunications concepts. Some knowledge or experience of packet-switched data network operation and Internet technology is beneficial. General knowledge about 4G and 5G. Course Contents                             Introduction to Network Applications API Standards and Definition Protocols for APIs communication and Modelling Languages  API Development Tools (Demo) NEF Services APIs NEF Procedures  Future trends in API Integration Course Director: Maziar Shoaie Maziar is a seasoned telecommunications trainer with over 23 years of experience. He has delivered courses in more than 45 countries to customers from all over the world, including operators, vendors, and integrators. He is a core-network specialist with expertise in 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks. and the developer of the Wray Castle 5G Lab and Workshop.

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The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (5G Engineer Track)distance learning programmes provides learners with a certified qualification that demonstrates their knowledge of the technologies underpinning the telecoms industry with a focus on 5G network architecture and protocols and the 5G Air Interface.  This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (5G Engineer Track) Syllabus Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Telecoms – as an Industry and Business Course Modules: Telecoms Industry & Business Dynamics The Technology Explained & Evaluated Telecoms Industry & Market Update  Specialist Courses 5G Architecture and Protocols Course Modules: Introduction to 5G Radio Access Network Architecture Core Network Architecture Data Transport 5G Protocols 5G Procedures Releases 16 and 17 5G Air Interface Course Modules: Principles of the 5G New Radio Introduction to the Physical Layer Physical Layer Implementation and Procedures Higher Layer ProtocolsSignalling Procedures What you will learn: At the end of the programme successful students will be able to: Develop a fundamental understanding of the technologies underpinning modern telecoms networks, the industry structure and its key stakeholders . Understand the architecture and interfaces used by 5G, the protocols used for signalling and data transport, the provision of services over a 5G network, and the procedures for signalling and system operation. Master the principles of mmWave and multiple antenna communications, the architecture and implementation of the AI's physical layer, the higher layer AI protocols. What sets the programme apart? Focused Learning Pathways – guide you through the material and enable you to become an expert in your chosen field. Flexible Learning – study at a time, location and pace of your choice. Full Tutor support – from industry experts with decades of experience throughout your studies. Extended Learning – Diploma students have the opportunity to study 3 additional courses. 24 months access – allowing you to refer back to the material after your studies. Digital Badges and Course Certificate – demonstrate the depth of your knowledge. About City & Guilds City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (Cellular Radio Engineer Track) distance learning programme provides learners with a qualification that demonstrates their knowledge of the technologies underpinning the telecoms industry with a focus on cellular radio engineering.  Students will gain a through foundation in the telecoms industry and the technologies on which it’s based as well as a comprehensive understanding of the technologies underpinning radio access networks and techniques needed to design, plan, build, monitor and optimise modern cellular radio networks. This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (Cellular Radio Engineer Track) Syllabus Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Telecoms – as an Industry and Business Course Modules: Telecoms Industry & Business Dynamics The Technology Explained & Evaluated Telecoms Industry & Market Update  Specialist Courses LTE Air Interface Course Modules: LTE Overview OFDM Principles Physical Layer Structure Layer 2 Protocols Radio Resource Control LTE-Advanced Lower Layer Procedures 5G Air Interface Course Modules: Principles of the 5G New Radio Introduction to the Physical Layer Physical Layer Implementation and Procedures Higher Layer Protocols Signalling Procedures What you will learn: At the end of the programme successful students will be able to: Develop a fundamental understanding of the technologies underpinning modern telecoms networks, the industry structure and its key stakeholders . Gain a detailed understanding of the air interface for LTE radio access (incl. OFDMA principles,  channel structures, connectivity and mobility management and radio link control functions.) Have a detailed technical  understanding of the air interface for the 5G New Radio, the principles of mm wave and multiple antenna communications, the architecture of the AI’s physical layer, the higher layer air interface protocols, and the signalling procedures.  Expand their learning further by studying two elective modules to qualify for the Diploma in Telecoms. What sets the programme apart? Focused Learning Pathways – guide you through the material and enable you to become an expert in your chosen field. Flexible Learning – study at a time, location and pace of your choice. Full Tutor support – from industry experts with decades of experience throughout your studies. Extended Learning – Diploma students have the opportunity to study 3 additional courses. 24 months access – allowing you to refer back to the material after your studies. Digital Badges and Course Certificate – demonstrate the depth of your knowledge. About City & Guilds City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (Core Network Engineer Track) distance learning programmes provides learners with a certified qualification that demonstrates their knowledge of the technologies underpinning the telecoms industry with a focus on core network engineering.  Students will gain a through foundation in the telecoms industry and the technologies on which it’s based as well as a deep understanding of the core network procedures, processes and service provision concepts for 4G and 5G Networks. This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (Core Network Engineer Track) Syllabus  Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Telecoms – as an Industry and Business Course Modules: Telecoms Industry & Business Dynamics The Technology Explained & Evaluated Telecoms Industry & Market Update  Specialist Courses LTE Evolved Packet Core Course Modules: LTE Overview Evolved Packet Core Data Transport in the EPC Major Protocols EPC Operation Release 9 and Beyond 5G Architecture and Protocols Course Modules: Introduction to 5G Radio Access Network Architecture Core Network Architecture Data Transport 5G Protocols 5G Procedures Releases 16 and 17 What you will learn: At the end of the programme successful students will be able to: Develop a fundamental understanding of the technologies underpinning modern telecoms networks, the industry structure and its key stakeholders . Describe the Evolved Packet Core for LTE systems, architecture, interfaces, service provision concepts, application of IP technologies and the overall protocol architectures. Understand the architecture and interfaces used by 5G, the protocols used for signalling and data transport, the provision of services over a 5G network, and the procedures for signalling and system operation. Expand their learning further by studying two elective modules to qualify for the Diploma in Telecoms. What sets the programme apart? Focused Learning Pathways – guide you through the material and enable you to become an expert in your chosen field. Flexible Learning – study at a time, location and pace of your choice. Full Tutor support – from industry experts with decades of experience throughout your studies. Extended Learning – Diploma students have the opportunity to study 3 additional courses. 24 months access – allowing you to refer back to the material after your studies. Digital Badges and Course Certificate – demonstrate the depth of your knowledge. About City & Guilds City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (LTE Engineer Track) distance learning programmes provides learners with a certified qualification that demonstrates their knowledge of the technologies underpinning the telecoms industry with a focus on LTE core and radio network engineering. This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme (LTE Engineer Track) Syllabus Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Telecoms – as an Industry and Business Course Modules: Telecoms Industry & Business Dynamics The Technology Explained & Evaluated Telecoms Industry & Market Update Specialist Courses LTE Evolved Packet Core Course Modules: LTE Overview Evolved Packet Core Data Transport in the EPC Major Protocols EPC Operation Release 9 and Beyond LTE Air Interface Course Modules: LTE Overview OFDM Principles Physical Layer Structure Layer 2 Protocols Radio Resource Control LTE-Advanced Lower Layer Procedures What you will learn: At the end of the programme successful students will be able to: Develop a fundamental understanding of the technologies underpinning modern telecoms networks, the industry structure and its key stakeholders . Describe the Evolved Packet Core for LTE systems, architecture, interfaces, service provision concepts, application of IP technologies and the overall protocol architectures. Gain a detailed understanding of the air interface for LTE radio access (incl. OFDMA principles,  channel structures, connectivity and mobility management and radio link control functions.) Expand their learning further by studying two elective modules to qualify for the Diploma in Telecoms. What sets the programme apart? Focused Learning Pathways – guide you through the material and enable you to become an expert in your chosen field. Flexible Learning – study at a time, location and pace of your choice. Full Tutor support – from industry experts with decades of experience throughout your studies. Extended Learning – Diploma students have the opportunity to study 3 additional courses. 24 months access – allowing you to refer back to the material after your studies. Digital Badges and Course Certificate – demonstrate the depth of your knowledge. About City & Guilds City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Applied Telecoms Engineering Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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The increase in new Low Earth Orbit satellite constellations has resulted in a surge of compatibility studies being carried out to understand how Non-Geosynchronous Orbit (NGSO) and Geosynchronous Orbit satellites (GSO) can coexist. The issue has arisen from the demand in new high speed broadband services but also the cost of producing and launching satellites into orbit reducing greatly in recent years. There are many complexities in solving the compatibility between NGSO and GSO systems due to the muti-dimensional and highly dynamic nature of both systems. We will focus on the main technical parameters and calculations that are used to determine the unacceptable levels of interference. The course will look across the different services including MSS, FSS (BSS) but also protection of EESS in a range of frequency bands. This course will also touch upon the two approaches to Direct to Device services. This is the use of Mobile Satellite Service spectrum but also Mobile Service spectrum bands. We will cover the implications and challenges of adopting each approach and how regulations will need to evolve to support these approaches. Course Objectives After completing the course, participants will be aware of the technical complexities of conducting compatibility studies that take place within the ITU. It will provide participants with the knowledge of the main technical parameters and calculations needed to determine interference levels. Participants will have an understanding how NGSO and GSO will be able to coexist. Intended for people working at regulators, satellite operators and vendors with some technical knowledge of satellite technologies and radio regulations and some knowledge of the ITU-R processes. The course is also suitable for non-technical people within government departments and ministries who wish to understand all the relevant complexities of compatibility studies and processes for updating the regulations. Contents Introduction to satellite technologies and deployments including definition of GSO and NGSO satellites Technical parameters used for compatibility studies Analysis of interference calculations for compatibility Overview of ITU working party study practices and example compatibility exercise Basic interference and compatibility calculations Overview of D2D spectrum approaches About LS telcom: LS telcom is a global leader in technologies and consulting services for efficient radio spectrum use, optimizing spectrum management to ensure reliable, interference-free, and secure radio services. Our portfolio includes consulting, measurement services, and integrated solutions for planning, analysis, monitoring, and managing radio infrastructure. Serving customers in over 100 countries, including regulatory authorities, network operators, and industries such as transport, utilities, and security, LS telcom operates globally with subsidiaries and offices in locations like Germany, the UK, Canada, India, and the UAE. Headquartered in Lichtenau, Germany, LS telcom AG has been listed on the German Stock Exchange since 2001 (ISIN DE 0005754402).  

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The Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals course is designed to provide participants with a comprehensive introduction to the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical applications, participants will gain a solid foundation in AI and its various subfields, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. We explore the use of AI in industry, and in particular in Telecoms and related sectors. By the end of the course, participants will have a strong grasp of AI concepts, techniques, and their real-world applications – particularly in telecoms. They will be equipped to pursue further studies in AI or apply their knowledge to diverse domains where AI plays a significant role. Prerequisites There are no specific prerequisites for this course. However, a basic understanding of programming concepts would be beneficial. Course Contents                             Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Computer Vision Robotics and Autonomous Systems AI in Industry Ethics and Responsible AI

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The Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals course is designed to provide participants with a comprehensive introduction to the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Through a combination of theoretical concepts and practical applications, participants will gain a solid foundation in AI and its various subfields, including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics. We explore the use of AI in industry, and in particular in Telecoms and related sectors. By the end of the course, participants will have a strong grasp of AI concepts, techniques, and their real-world applications – particularly in telecoms. They will be equipped to pursue further studies in AI or apply their knowledge to diverse domains where AI plays a significant role. Prerequisites There are no specific prerequisites for this course. However, a basic understanding of programming concepts would be beneficial. Course Contents                             Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Natural Language Processing (NLP) Computer Vision Robotics and Autonomous Systems AI in Industry Ethics and Responsible AI

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The Basics of Carbon Capture and Storage course covers: the role of CCS within decarbonisation as an aspect of earth system science; why CCS is necessary; how CO2 is captured in industrial processes and how it can be used industrially; the factors affecting geological storage; how CO2 stores are monitored for leakage; how CCS will be regulated; how CCS will pay for itself; and the social licence for CCS. The course will be delivered in simple non-technical language suitable for non-specialists. The course satisfies a part of the market that is not currently catered for – the wider science, risks, financing, planning and social licence aspects of CCS. These are issues that are as important as the technical issues (in, for example, reservoir engineering) in the sense that any of these elements can be a show-stopper for CCS. Although the course will cover the technical geological and engineering aspects of CCS, it will also consider how these technical, policy and science aspects affect planning, regulation and financing of CCS. There are geologists, planners, investors and policy makers in companies, government natural resource and planning departments, investment banks and among NGOs that require this information from an unbiassed technically well informed and up to date source. This course provides that source.Who would benefit? The course is designed for geologists, geological planners and regulators, investors and policy makers in energy companies, government natural resource and planning departments, investment banks and NGOs that require information from an unbiassed, technically well informed and up to date source. What people need in advance No particular prior knowledge needed beyond normal levels of expertise in applied geoscience. As stated above, the course is aimed at geological generalists in energy companies, government natural resource and planning departments, investment banks and NGOs. Course Modules: Introduction The geological carbon cycle and anthropogenic influences on the geological carbon cycle Capturing, transporting and using carbon dioxide Geological Storage Regulation, finance, policy and public perception Present state of global CCS Course Director: Prof Mike Stephensen Mike has 25 years’ experience in energy and geological science, including 8 years national level science leadership in the UK. Mike has been providing geoscience advice to Government for almost 15 years and has an excellent overview of Government policy, industrial activity and funding landscape in applied and energy geoscience. Mike also has expertise in positioning organisations in controversial energy topics e.g. CCUS, shale gas and nuclear. Mike was adviser to UK Government Chief Scientist on shale gas and CCUS in 2016; a member UKRI’s Energy Strategic Advisory Committee 2020 to 2021; and a Member of the UK Government’s Hydrogen Advisory Council 2021. Widely recognised as an excellent scientist, he has over 100 peer-reviewed scientific papers including many on CCUS, and ~200 conference abstracts. He is Visiting Professor at the University of Nanjing, China, and the University of Milan, Italy, and has been Honorary Professor at Nottingham and Leicester universities, UK Mike is a well-known communicator of science and has published three single-author popular science books. His book on CCUS ‘Returning Carbon to Nature’ is widely seen as the go-to introductory text on CCUS.  Follow Mike on LinkedIn.

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Course Code: TY2701 Course Summary This course introduces delegates to the broadband technologies and access methods that are available to fixed- and mobile-network operators. Topics covered include ISPs, ADSL, ADSL2, DSL, VDSL and fibre-optic networks, as well as WiMAX, Wi-Fi, UMTS and LTE. The learning is underpinned by group exercises. Who would benefit Technical and semi-technical management staff requiring an overview of the technologies and techniques employed by wired and wireless broadband access systems. Prerequisites A basic understanding of digital communications techniques would be an advantage, but is not essential. Topic Areas Include The broadband market DSL – technologies, architecture, access, backhaul Powerline broadband Fibre optic and cable systems Fibre to the home and cabinet Fixed wireless access systems Satellite broadband and high altitude platforms Wi-Fi hotspot, wide area and ‘municipal’ networks UMTS fixed and 3G mobile broadband Fixed and Mobile WiMAX LTE and UMB Broadband deployment strategies Includes group exercises.

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All successful employees, managers and leaders who want to maximise their contribution within the business or organisation need a solid grasp of finances. Whether they are talking strategy, budgets, or customer propositions, it is inevitably the finances that drive the decisions and determine how performance is measured. Being financially literate gives the individual a fundamental business tool, as well as the credibility, to help drive success and to maximise value creation. KPIs can be properly evaluated, major decisions can be grounded in financial reality, and both forecasting and reporting can be used more reliably to help guide efforts and provide the required focus for departments and teams. A key aspect often overlooked, is that greater confidence in both the financial position, and the control mechanisms that are available to employees and managers, will enhance a leader’s risk-awareness. In turn (depending on a range of other factors), this can be a key enabler for business culture that embraces greater levels of creativity and value creation. This programme provides a comprehensive foundation in business finance – covering all the major areas needed to be a fully-functioning member of the mid-senior management team. It is ideal for current or aspiring managers, specialists with financial responsibility, or identified talent / graduates. Although financial principles do not change, they can be applied in very specific ways, depending on the industry / organisation. Examples, case studies and exercises are tailored accordingly Topic Areas Include The Financial Cycle and Reporting Key Accounting Concepts The Company Operating (Finance) Cycle Three Principal Accounting Documents KPIs, Ratios and Financial Analysis Understanding Finance Key Financial Ratios – Categories and Examples Profitability Efficiency Equity, Loans, and Gearing / Leverage Valuation - Controlling Investment Financial Control, Budgets and Evaluating Initiatives / Projects The Importance of Budgeting and Forecasting Budgets – Getting Specific Mitigating Bad Budget Culture (Teams Aiming for 100% Budget Spend) Understanding Return on Investment (ROI) Cumulative Cash Flows Calculating ROI and using Net Present Value (NPV) Assessing Projects and Using NPV

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All successful employees, managers and leaders who want to maximise their contribution within the business or organisation need a solid grasp of finances. Whether they are talking strategy, budgets, or customer propositions, it is inevitably the finances that drive the decisions and determine how performance is measured. Being financially literate gives the individual a fundamental business tool, as well as the credibility, to help drive success and to maximise value creation. KPIs can be properly evaluated, major decisions can be grounded in financial reality, and both forecasting and reporting can be used more reliably to help guide efforts and provide the required focus for departments and teams. A key aspect often overlooked, is that greater confidence in both the financial position, and the control mechanisms that are available to employees and managers, will enhance a leader’s risk-awareness. In turn (depending on a range of other factors), this can be a key enabler for business culture that embraces greater levels of creativity and value creation. This programme provides a comprehensive foundation in business finance – covering all the major areas needed to be a fully-functioning member of the mid-senior management team. It is ideal for current or aspiring managers, specialists with financial responsibility, or identified talent / graduates. Although financial principles do not change, they can be applied in very specific ways, depending on the industry / organisation. Examples, case studies and exercises are tailored accordingly Topic Areas Include: The Financial Cycle and Reporting Key Accounting Concepts The Company Operating (Finance) Cycle Three Principal Accounting Documents KPIs, Ratios and Financial Analysis Understanding Finance Key Financial Ratios – Categories and Examples Profitability Efficiency Equity, Loans, and Gearing / Leverage Valuation - Controlling Investment Financial Control, Budgets and Evaluating Initiatives / Projects The Importance of Budgeting and Forecasting Budgets – Getting Specific Mitigating Bad Budget Culture (Teams Aiming for 100% Budget Spend) Understanding Return on Investment (ROI) Cumulative Cash Flows Calculating ROI and using Net Present Value (NPV) Assessing Projects and Using NP

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Course Code: MB2103 Course Summary This course begins with an overview of CDMA2000™ origins, the key standardization work as well as general network architecture. The course continues with an engineering overview of CDMA operation in a 3G context; one of the underpinning technologies and is followed by a brief review of cdmaOne™. Who would benefit Engineering staff working on CDMA access networks requiring an understanding of the operation and capabilities of the CDMA2000™ 1x and 1xEV-DO systems. Prerequisites A good understanding of modern digital cellular communication techniques and, ideally, some experience of cdmaOne/IS-95 operation. Topic Areas Include Evolution of 3G network architecture cdmaOne overview CDMA principles in 3G systems Access and core network elements and interfaces 1x and 1xEV options available for CDMA2000™ Radio link higher-layer protocols Link Access Control (LAC) protocol Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol 1xEV-DO protocol stack 1x and 1xEV-DO channels 1x and 1xEV-DO physical layer structure System access, call processing and handover

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Course Code: MB2103 Course Summary An introduction to the changes required in the techniques, skill sets and tools for planning LTE networks. This includes link budgets, mixed traffic dimensioning, coverage considerations and tool configuration parameters. All aspects are reinforced through classroom exercises and planning-tool illustrations. Who would benefit This course is intended for those involved in cell planning, configuration or optimization of LTE-based networks. Prerequisites This course assumes existing knowledge of basic cell planning principles and familiarity with the cell planning role. Topic Areas Include LTE planning philosophy Coverage planning and link budgets LTE cell parameters RACH planning Traffic analysis Dimensioning for capacity Frequency planning Planning for VoLTE Predictions and simulations Co-siting issues with legacy technologies RF Exposure limits Includes exercises.

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Course Code: MB2005 Course Summary This course is designed for experienced GSM cell planners and highlights the differences required in technique and tools for planning a WCDMA network. Who would benefit This course provides experienced cell planners with an introduction to the differences required in technique, skill sets and tools for planning Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) UMTS networks. Prerequisites Experience of UMTS network operation, as well as basic radio awareness, or previous attendance on the UMTS Air Interface course (MB2002). Topic Areas Include The WCDMA planning philosophy Review of UMTS structure Review of UMTS logical, transport and physical channels Scrambling codes WCDMA considerations Coverage predictions Link budgets HSPA link budgets Analysis of cell load Cell breathing Traffic analysis Predictions and simulations Monte Carlo simulations Co-siting GSM and WCDMA equipment

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Cloud computing underpins much of today’s digital infrastructure - but what exactly makes the cloud work? This short, single-module course demystifies the architecture and technologies behind cloud services, giving you a structured overview of how cloud systems are designed, deployed, and secured. In just three hours, you’ll explore the core cloud types - public, private, hybrid - and learn the key terminology that underpins modern cloud discussions. You’ll then look at the enabling technologies that support cloud computing, from virtualisation and containerisation to software-defined infrastructure and automation. The course goes on to explain how cloud services are architected, including layered service models, the roles of cloud orchestration and APIs, and how infrastructure is provisioned dynamically. You’ll also examine how cloud environments are managed and secured, with a focus on governance, monitoring, data protection, and access control. Ideal for technical professionals and learners seeking a deeper understanding of how cloud platforms work, this course equips you with the vocabulary, concepts, and architectural knowledge needed to confidently engage in cloud-related conversations and planning. Course Contents                         Cloud – Types and Terminology Cloud Technology Cloud Architecture and Services Cloud Management and Security

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A technical introduction to the techniques and protocols that underpin cloud computing services, including an examination of the types of cloud that can be created and the variety of ‘X as a service’ facilities that clouds can make available. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering, technical management and sales/marketing staff who require a technical overview of Cloud Computing. Prerequisites A basic understanding of the architecture and technologies that support the internet would be beneficial. Course Modules: What is ‘The Cloud’? Cloud Architecture and Technologies Advanced Cloud Architecture Technologies Types of Cloud Service Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing Telecoms Services and the Cloud

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A technical introduction to the techniques and protocols that underpin cloud computing services, including an examination of the types of cloud that can be created and the variety of ‘X as a service’ facilities that clouds can make available. Who would benefit This course is suitable for engineering, technical management and sales/marketing staff who require a technical overview of Cloud Computing. Prerequisites A basic understanding of the architecture and technologies that support the internet would be beneficial. Topic Areas Include What is ‘The Cloud’? Traditional Models vs Cloud Computing Cloud characteristics Cloud deployments models – private, community, public, hybrid Enabling technologies Traditional data centres Virtualization and multi-tenanting SOA and web services Service grids and autonomic computing Types of Cloud services SaaS, PaaS and IaaS XaaS payment models Pros and Cons of Cloud Computing Pros: cost, scalability, resilience, collaboration Cons: security, availability, trust, de-skilling The future of Cloud Computing   On-Demand Online Training Accessible on any device on-demand online training allows you to study at a time and location convenient to you. Each course includes: Illustrated Course Books - featuring leading-edge knowledge from subject matter experts. Videos - Detailed videos expand the points covered in the course books. Tutor Support – Connect with leading experts, ask questions to deepen your understanding. Formative Assessment - Modules include regular quizzes to support learning. Certification – Complete the end-of-module tests to earn Digital Badges to demonstrate the depth of your knowledge of the topic. Included in Wray Castle Hub This course is also available as part of the Wray Castle Hub. An annual subscription delivers unlimited access to this course and over 500 hours of learning material consisting of 30+ Courses, 190+ Learning Modules, and 1,000+ Videos. Annual Subscription: £1400 (Most cost-effective option) Subscribe to Wray Castle Hub here

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Cloud computing has revolutionised how individuals, businesses, and governments access, store, and manage data. Whether you're supporting IT operations, planning digital services, or simply want to better understand this vital part of today’s technology landscape, this short, single-module course introduces the core concepts and services that define the cloud. In just three hours, you’ll start by answering the fundamental question: What is ‘The Cloud’? From there, you’ll explore the most widely used service models—SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)—and how they support different user needs. The course explains how these service models compare, what they enable, and why businesses increasingly rely on them for agility, scalability, and cost-efficiency. You’ll also learn how cloud-based services are used in home and office environments and get an overview of the major cloud service providers and the roles they play in the broader ecosystem. Designed for professionals across telecoms, IT, and business functions, this course provides a practical, jargon-free entry point into the world of cloud services—perfect for anyone needing a clear understanding of cloud concepts without diving into deep technical detail. Course Contents; What is ‘The Cloud’ Types of Cloud Service Cloud Service Models and SaaS PaaS and IaaS Service Models – How Do They Compare Cloud-based Home and Office Services Cloud Service Providers  

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Critical Business Basics for Carbon and Net Zero in ICT is brought to you by Wray Castle, one of the world’s most established telecoms training providers and City Science, the UK’s leading specialist in modelling net-zero and carbon accounting. This combination of in-depth telecoms insight with powerful carbon modelling skillsets is uniquely positioned to provide both net-zero advisory and training services to the TMT markets. Critical Business Basics for Carbon and Net Zero in ICT features a series of seven one-hour modules targeting busy executives or managers covering the key business risks and opportunities facing the telecoms sector as a result of climate change. This course will provide a broad overview of the key issues telecoms executives need to be aware of including the potential business impacts of external policy changes, regulatory and reporting considerations, green finance, emerging business models and current sector best-practice.  Prerequisites A basic understanding of business concepts and operations would be helpful, as would some familiarity with emerging trends in sustainability and sustainability reporting Who would benefit? This training course would benefit telecoms executives or managers who want to understand the key business impacts and opportunities related to climate change. This could include individuals who are responsible for strategic planning, risk management, financial management, sustainability, and compliance within their organisations. Course Modules: The Science and Terminology Policy, Development of External Factors and Telecoms Impacts Reporting and Regulatory Requirements and their Implications Trends and Potential Impacts of Green Finance (ESG, Green Finance, Offsets etc.) Business Model Impacts and the Net Zero Opportunity for ICT Best Practice and the Telecoms Landscape Business Tools to Help Navigate Net Zero (Next Steps) Resources Watch our recent interview with Simon Drake from City Science and a recording of the webinar Environmental Sustainability in Telecoms - the Road to Net Zero below.  About City Science We are an ambitious, young technology company created to optimise complex energy and carbon systems. We believe that by developing an unmatched understanding of how cities and regions work through data we can enhance existing infrastructure, reduce inefficiencies and improve lives for citizens through evidence-led insights that deliver decarbonisation. Our team comprises the best statisticians, data-scientists and subject matter experts, working on ground-breaking projects to deliver our goals. www.cityscience.com

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The Critical Communications and Infrastructure Programme (Emergency Services Track) is a comprehensive programme designed to equip professionals in the Emergency Services with the essential knowledge and skills to excel in their roles. The programme aims to provide participants with a holistic understanding of critical communication technologies, strategic insights, and practical skills to navigate the complexities of the ecosystem. This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Critical Communications & Infrastructure Programme (Emergency Services Track) Syllabus Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Radio Principles Course Modules: A Need for Radio Frequency and Bandwidth Modulation Radio Spectrum Antennas and Transmission Lines Propagation Radio Coverage Radio Interference Analogue and Digital Systems  Specialist Courses LTE Mission Critical Communications Course Modules: Requirements of a Mission Critical Network The LTE Radio Interface Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Group Communication System Enablers Mission Critical Push to Talk Mission Critical Video Mission Critical Data LTE and LMR Interworking LTE Engineering Course Modules: Introduction to LTE OFDMA Physical Layer Access Stratum Protocols LTE UEs and Access Networks LTE Core Networks LTE Operation LTE Release 9 and Beyond 5G Engineering Course Modules: Introduction to 5G Principles of the 5G New Radio 5G Air Interface 5G Network Architecture 5G Procedures Releases 16 and 17 About City & Guilds City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Critical Communications and Infrastructure Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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Build essential telecoms knowledge and skills to aid forensic investigations and provide expert witness testimony. The widespread use of mobile telephones has proven to be a useful source of information for law enforcement agencies. The ability to prove or disprove that a mobile device was used in the area of, or location of, a point of interest is invaluable. But to safely prove the case requires an understanding of cellular mobile technologies. The Critical Communications & Infrastructure Programme (Police Track) provides those working in Law Enforcement with a detailed understanding of the mobile network technologies of today and tomorrow, allowing them to conduct efficient investigations and provide compelling expert witness evidence in court. We have combined some of our most popular training courses to build a guided learning pathway that enables you to demonstrate your expertise and competence in modern telecom technologies. Who would benefit? Our Critical Communications & Infrastructure Programme (Police Track) has been designed for anyone working Law Enforcement from new starters looking to build their technical knowledge from the ground up to more experienced engineers looking to formalise and expand their knowledge base. Rigorous testing, regular digital badging and certification ensures that successful students are able to demonstrate the breadth and depth of their knowledge.  This programme has been assured by City & Guilds. Assured status provides validation and recognition for the learner. It is a symbol of learning excellence and quality and is a reassurance that the training undertaken meets best practice standards. Critical Communications & Infrastructure Programme (Police Track) Syllabus Foundation Courses Technology Fundamentals Course Modules: Defining Telecoms  Background to the Telecom Network Digital Fixed Telecom Networks Data Networks Mobile Networks and Wi-Fi Broadband and Emerging Networks 2G to 5G Mobile Technologies Course Modules: Principles of Mobile Cellular Networks 2nd Generation Mobile Networks 3rd Generation Mobile Networks 4th Generation Mobile Networks 5th Generation Mobile Networks Radio Principles Course Modules: A Need for Radio Frequency and Bandwidth Modulation Radio Spectrum Antennas and Transmission Lines Propagation Radio Coverage Radio Interference Analogue and Digital Systems  Specialist Courses The TETRA System - An Overview Course Modules: Introduction to TETRA TETRA Services TETRA Network Components TETRA Network Architecture Air Interface Radio Procedures TETRA System Capacity Direct Mode Operation (DMO) Security Aspects of TETRA Radio Network Surveys Course Modules: Cellular Radio Principles GSM/UMTS/LTE/5G Networks Wi-Fi Radio Networks Radio Measurements Idle Mode Activity for Mobile Devices Connected Mode Activities for Mobile Devices Tools for Radio Surveys Guidance for Radio Network Surveys WiFi Engineering Overview Course Modules: Wireless LAN Technologies and Standards 802.11 PHY MAC Frame Structures MAC Procedures Security Wi-Fi Troubleshooting About City & Guilds Assured City & Guilds is a household brand and a global leader in skills development. Over one million people earn a City & Guilds qualification every year, providing them with the skills they need to thrive in the workplace.In the global economy, the ability to compete depends on building a skilled, competent and confident workforce. City & Guilds understands the value of portable skills and globally recognised standards that enable people and organisations to succeed. It partners with Governments, employers and educators in over 50 countries, across five continents, to advise them on developing high-quality skills training that meets the needs of the global workforce, without compromising on local demands. Enrolment Fees:  £2,995 (+VAT) Programme Duration: 24 months (Programme is On-Demand, learners can start at any time) Bespoke In-Company Schemes The Critical Communications and Infrastructure Programme provide the ideal structure for formalising training programmes for teams across your business. Contact us on info@wraycastle.com for more information.

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Data networks form the backbone of all modern communication systems. Whether you're working in telecoms, IT, or a related field, a solid understanding of networking fundamentals is essential for navigating today’s connected world. This short, single-module course provides a clear and accessible introduction to how data networks operate, laying the groundwork for further study in networking, internet technologies, or telecommunications. In just three hours, you'll explore the foundational concepts of computer networking, starting with the purpose and structure of data networks and the key terms you need to know. You'll learn about how packet-switching enables efficient data transfer, how the Ethernet protocol supports local area networks, and how the TCP/IP model underpins communication across the internet. The course also introduces you to key internet operations and services, providing insight into how global connectivity is achieved and managed. Whether you're new to networking or seeking a refresher, this course gives you the essential knowledge you need to understand how data moves reliably and efficiently across modern digital systems.Designed for technical professionals and learners with little or no prior experience, this course is the perfect starting point for anyone looking to build confidence in the principles of data networking. Course Contents                         Background to Computer Networking Packet-Switching Principles The Ethernet Protocol TCP-IP Internet Operations and Services

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